{"id":1142,"date":"2019-09-24T18:26:09","date_gmt":"2019-09-24T18:26:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.letrat.eu\/?p=1142"},"modified":"2024-08-31T18:12:36","modified_gmt":"2024-08-31T17:12:36","slug":"mrekullia-gjenetike-tibetiane-varianti-gjenomik-i-lartesise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=1142","title":{"rendered":"“Mrekullia” gjenetike tibetase, varianti “gjenomik i lart\u00ebsis\u00eb”!"},"content":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, K 2018 (Denisovan\u00ebt, Neandertal\u00ebt, Tibetasit… dhe ne, Humanoid\u00ebt (Njer\u00ebzit)!)<\/em><\/p>\n

(rreth 90% e popullsis\u00eb tibetase e posedojn\u00eb variantin “gjenomik t\u00eb lart\u00ebsis\u00eb”, ama i nj\u00ebjti mungon t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht nga baza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave prej 1000 gjenomesh njer\u00ebzore nga popullatat e tjera t\u00eb bot\u00ebs<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

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“\u00c7atia e Bot\u00ebs”, sic ndryshe ia themi p\u00ebr Tibetin, n\u00ebnkupton ngjitjen dhe deri n\u00eb 6000 m lart\u00ebsi, p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb unike t\u00eb planetit q\u00eb rrethohet nga vargmale, rishtas me lart\u00ebsi malesh marramend\u00ebse. Sasia e oksigjenit n\u00eb 5000-6000 metra \u00ebsht\u00eb af\u00ebrsisht 40% m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt sesa p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrimet n\u00eb nivelin e detit. Kjo e b\u00ebn pllajen tibetase nj\u00eb mjedis t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr p\u00ebr mbijetes\u00eb.
\nNjer\u00ebzit nga pjesa tjet\u00ebr e bot\u00ebs, q\u00eb l\u00ebvizin atje, vuajn\u00eb mpiksje t\u00eb gjakut dhe goditje n\u00eb tru p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb qelizave t\u00eb kuqe shtes\u00eb, q\u00eb trupat e tyre prodhojn\u00eb. Vendasit megjithat\u00eb ia dalin p\u00ebr mrekulli. Pavar\u00ebsisht ajrit t\u00eb varf\u00ebr, trupi i tyre nuk prodhon m\u00eb shum\u00eb qeliza t\u00eb kuqe t\u00eb gjakut (si\u00e7 pra ndodh\u00eb me t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt vizitor\u00eb t\u00eb bot\u00ebs n\u00eb ato lart\u00ebsi). Kjo “mrekulli” i ndihmon ata t\u00eb mbijetojn\u00eb, dhe pra ruan sh\u00ebndetin e tyre. Mir\u00ebpo kjo “mrekulli” po ashtu i mundonte shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt e gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2010, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt zbuluan se tibetasit “adaptimin” e tyre ndaj niveleve t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb oksigjenit ia kan\u00eb “borxh” pjes\u00ebrisht nj\u00eb varianti t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjen t\u00eb njohur si EPAS1. Rreth 90% e popullsis\u00eb tibetase e posedojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb variantin “gjenomik t\u00eb lart\u00ebsis\u00eb”. Ama i nj\u00ebjti mungon t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht nga baza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave prej 1000 gjenomesh njer\u00ebzore nga popullatat e tjera t\u00eb bot\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Po ashtu, n\u00eb v. 2010 n\u00eb revist\u00ebn prestigjioze “Nature” u publikua artikulli, “Historia Gjenetike e nj\u00eb Grupi Hominimik Arkaik nga Shpella Denisova n\u00eb Siberi”. Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt insistonin se analizat e eshtrave t\u00eb gjetur sugjerojn\u00eb se fjala \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb grup i cili ndan nj\u00eb origjin\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt me Neandertal\u00ebt. Dhe k\u00ebshtu, q\u00eb nga 2010 n\u00eb qarqet shkencore e kemi dhe termin “Denisovan\u00ebt”, ashtu si\u00e7 e kishim dhe termin Neandertal\u00ebt (pra e qart\u00eb, em\u00ebrtim lidhur me shpell\u00ebn Denisova t\u00eb Siberis\u00eb).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2014, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt rishtas n\u00eb nj\u00eb artikull publikuar n\u00eb “Nature” thoshin se tibetasit ose paraardh\u00ebsit e tyre ka gjasa ta ken\u00eb fituar sekuenc\u00ebn e pazakont\u00eb t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb nga Denisovan\u00ebt (t\u00eb cil\u00ebt gjenetikisht jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me Neandertal\u00ebt sesa me ne, me humanoid\u00ebt). “Duke analizuar nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh popullsish n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn, kemi gjetur se haplotipi i p\u00ebrzgjedhur gjendet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Denisovan\u00ebt dhe n\u00eb Tibetasit” – thoshte artikulli.<\/p>\n

“N\u00eb disa pika t\u00eb gjenomit ton\u00eb jemi m\u00eb tep\u00ebr Neandertal\u00eb sesa Humanoid\u00eb, duket shum\u00eb qart\u00eb se t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn disa nga sekuencat q\u00eb i kemi trash\u00ebguar nga hominina arkaike ishin adaptive, e q\u00eb na ndihmuan t\u00eb mbijetonim e t\u00eb riprodhonim<\/em>” – Joshua Akey, 2016, Washington University.<\/p>\n

[ infografika ngjitur<\/em>: A Map of Ancient Genes – paraqitur pjes\u00eb t\u00eb gjenomit njer\u00ebzor q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb ADN neandertaleske (kuqe) dhe ADN denisovaneske (kalt\u00ebr) ]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, K 2018 (Denisovan\u00ebt, Neandertal\u00ebt, Tibetasit… dhe ne, Humanoid\u00ebt (Njer\u00ebzit)!) (rreth 90% e popullsis\u00eb tibetase e posedojn\u00eb variantin “gjenomik t\u00eb lart\u00ebsis\u00eb”, ama i nj\u00ebjti mungon t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht nga baza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave prej 1000 gjenomesh njer\u00ebzore nga… Lexo →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-shenime-shkurt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1142"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1142\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}