{"id":11856,"date":"2022-10-30T13:34:39","date_gmt":"2022-10-30T12:34:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=11856"},"modified":"2024-04-09T06:22:33","modified_gmt":"2024-04-09T05:22:33","slug":"muranat-kineze-muri-i-madh-klasik-dhe-ai-modern-kibernetik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=11856","title":{"rendered":"“Muranat” Kineze – Muri i Madh “klasik”, dhe ai Modern Kibernetik!"},"content":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – AP, T 2022<\/em><\/p>\n

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Po merresha pak\u00ebz me imagjinat\u00ebn, \u00e7far\u00eb n\u00ebse qeveria e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb “vog\u00ebl… vet\u00ebm 3 milion\u00ebshe”, ta bllokonte dhe izolonte gjith\u00eb popullat\u00ebn shqiptare ndaj gjith\u00e7kaje t\u00eb internetik\u00ebs per\u00ebndimore! Thjesht ashtu kot, imagjinoje pastaj numrin e madh 500 milion\u00eb, pastaj numrin marramend\u00ebs 1 miliard, pastaj 2 miliard\u00eb! Demografikisht, si imagjinat\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria komplet i bie t’jet\u00eb nj\u00eb qytez\u00eb kineze. N\u00eb fund, ngjitu n\u00eb maj\u00ebkulmin e habis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vertet\u00ebn e hidhur t\u00eb shek. XXI se aparati qeveritar i Kin\u00ebs gjigante… prej 1 miliard e gjysm\u00eb banor\u00ebsh” e bllokon dhe e censuron Kin\u00ebn komplet ndaj “internetit per\u00ebndimor”!<\/p>\n

Booo… katastrof\u00eb, antinjerzill\u00ebk i madh, apo jo! Imagjino n\u00ebse shqiptar\u00ebt t’mos kishin qasje n\u00eb faqet e Reuters – BBC – Voice of America – The Guardian – Washington Post – The Economist – New York Times – ABC – Bloomberg – NBC News – TIME – Google – Vimeo – YouTube – Facebook – Reddit – Netflix – Blogspot – Instagram – WhatsApp – Spotify – Messenger – Twitter – LinkedIn – Tumblr – Pinterest… madje as n\u00eb Wikipedia, madje as n\u00eb SoundCloud, dmth. p\u00ebr muzikat e xingla-minglat e rinis\u00eb!<\/p>\n

Kjo bllokad\u00eb dhe censur\u00eb e lidershipit kinez, ky Mur i Madh internetik nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb se na qenka “fuqizuar” me vullnetin e popullit, me ndonj\u00eb referendum legjitim nga vet\u00eb ata, nga 1 miliard e gjysm\u00eb banor\u00eb. Censura dhe bllokada zbatohen me ndihm\u00ebn e nj\u00eb ushtrie kibernetike 2-3 milion\u00ebshe, trajnuar, p\u00ebrgatitur dhe pun\u00ebsuar si dor\u00eb e hekurt, si “servil\u00eb t\u00eb ideologjis\u00eb”. Investimet e lidershipit p\u00ebr fuqizimin dhe grushtin e fort\u00eb t\u00eb kontrollit kibernetik jan\u00eb marramend\u00ebse…<\/p>\n

***
\nBrenda rrezes s\u00eb modestis\u00eb, me aq sa kam mundur t\u00eb kuptoj (kuptohet dhe kjo – pasi njeriu s’mund t’i kuptoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha), sikur m’\u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar p\u00ebrshtypja se qasja e kinez\u00ebve ndaj njer\u00ebzimit n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, dhe qasja e mbar\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit ndaj alien\u00ebve eventual\u00eb (kudoqofshin n\u00eb gjith\u00ebsi) jan\u00eb 2 qasje totalisht identike. E them pa shaka, qasje ndoshta 100% identike.<\/p>\n

Hipotez\u00ebn q\u00eb sapo e shpalosa, n\u00eb “dukje” hipotez\u00eb shaka-logjike, do mundohem ta sqaroj mjaft seriozisht e pa shaka. Ja pse m\u00eb nevojiten m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 2 fjal\u00eb, uroj p\u00ebr mir\u00ebkuptimin e lexuesit. Ashtu-k\u00ebshtu \u00e7\u00ebshtjet komplekse e serioze zor se qart\u00ebsohen me 2 fjal\u00eb, as me 2 rreshta.<\/p>\n

U desh\u00ebn gati 17 shekuj p\u00ebr t’u nd\u00ebrtuar Muri i Madh kinez, u desh\u00ebn sakrifica t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme t\u00eb aq shum\u00eb brezave. Askush s’e di, ndoshta as vet\u00eb kronikat kineze, sa l\u00ebndime, sa invalid\u00eb, sa viktima, sa jet\u00eb njer\u00ebzish do ket\u00eb “kushtuar” ai grandiozitet prej gur\u00ebsh. Nd\u00ebrsa dihet, dinasti dhe perandor\u00eb varg e varg, p\u00ebr shekuj e shekuj me radh\u00eb, sistematikisht pothuaj 2 mij\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00eb qen\u00eb marr\u00eb me nd\u00ebrtimin. Dhe vet\u00ebm nga “p\u00ebrspektiva” monumentale, madh\u00ebshtia e Murit sikur \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr sesa vet\u00ebm Madh\u00ebshti, mbar\u00eb njer\u00ebzimi mahnitet me at\u00eb megaprojekt madh\u00ebshtor.<\/p>\n

Madje, ndoshta dhe vet\u00eb “alien\u00ebt” mahniten. Dmth. n\u00ebse helbete ekzistojn\u00eb – pasi tashm\u00eb nuk i dihet, kurr\u00eb s’duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb kurr\u00eb. Jo vet\u00ebm NASA a ESA, por dhe 1 milion teleskopat e kureshtis\u00eb insistojn\u00eb q\u00eb s’duhet p\u00ebrjashtuar mund\u00ebsia. Ka pothuaj nj\u00eb shekull jemi duke i “k\u00ebrkuar”, me val\u00eb e me radio-antenash, me veglash e me lloj-lloj tekno-shkencash. Anise, kuptohet jo vet\u00ebm “civilizime alienike”, njeriu k\u00ebrkon dhe eksploron gjith\u00e7ka. Universi komplet, kozmologjia, astronomia… e madje dhe astrologjia jan\u00eb aq interesante.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrndryshe s’do na duheshin panum\u00ebr kupolat observatorike aneskaj rruzullit. I kemi ujdisur gjithandej, si k\u00ebpurdhash gjigante prej betoni, n\u00eb secil\u00ebn pik\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme (n\u00eb akord me yjet e me hemisferat). Ndoshta vet\u00eb kinez\u00ebt, jo vet\u00ebm Murin m\u00eb t\u00eb Madh, por do e ken\u00eb dhe anten\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe q\u00eb ka par\u00eb bota. Shpenzohen miliarda e triliona, asgj\u00eb s’kursejm\u00eb kur \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb pyetje qielli dhe astro-kureshtia. Apo se mos vet\u00ebm k\u00ebtu posht\u00eb (n\u00eb Tok\u00eb), i kemi “montuar” madje dhe n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb. I kemi bartur lart panum\u00ebr pla\u00e7ka, satelit\u00eb, aparate e veglurinash. I kemi “gozhduar” n\u00eb eter gjithandej, lloj-lloj teleskopash super t\u00eb shtrenjt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Lloj-lloj stacionesh hap\u00ebsinore, sa sovjetike sa “internacionale”, s\u00ebfundi vet\u00eb kinez\u00ebt duke e mahnitur njer\u00ebzimin me stacionet e me misionet lunatike. Ndoshta fat i madh q\u00eb atje lart n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb s’\u00ebsht\u00eb nevoja p\u00ebr beton. Kupolat tok\u00ebsore jan\u00eb t\u00eb kushtueshme sepse p\u00ebrve\u00e7 tele-thjerrzave nevojiten dhe hekura e beton. Ishte dhe Muri Kinez i kushtuesh\u00ebm, s’ka si llogaritet me “metelik\u00eb” por dhe vet\u00ebm me djers\u00ebn e 17 shekujve ndoshta do mbushej ak\u00ebcili det i shteruar i Eoneve, i Cenozoikut.<\/p>\n

Dhe prap\u00eb, jo vet\u00ebm “Muret” na qenkan t\u00eb kushtueshme – gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb e kushtueshme. Bie fjala kushtonin dhe ato bunker-kupolat e ish-paranojes komuniste, apo jo. Tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb as bunker\u00ebt e paranoj\u00ebs diktatoriale, as Muri “klasik” i kinez\u00ebve s’k\u00ebrkonin + plus shpenzime p\u00ebr teleskopat.<\/p>\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, kur \u00ebsht\u00eb fjala p\u00ebr panum\u00ebr kupolat observatorike, desh\u00ebm ta sjellim n\u00eb pah se, ndoshta jo vet\u00ebm kureshtja jon\u00eb, por sikur \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe nj\u00ebfar\u00eblloj “frike” se mos alien\u00ebt v\u00ebrtet ekzistojn\u00eb. Ose, sadopak m\u00eb qart\u00eb – jo frik\u00eb se ekzistojn\u00eb, por n\u00eb cilin stad t\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs ekzistojn\u00eb. N\u00ebse ekzistojn\u00eb, bukur, do i p\u00ebrsh\u00ebndesim “mir\u00ebsekzistoni”, do i kontaktojm\u00eb, do i qafojm\u00eb e do b\u00ebhemi miq. Le t’ekzistojn\u00eb, njer\u00ebzimi s’ka gj\u00eb kund\u00ebr ekzistenc\u00ebs alienike, vet\u00ebm mos t’na sulmojn\u00eb…<\/p>\n

Preokupimi m\u00eb e madh, pothuaj “paranojak”, i njer\u00ebzimit s’\u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebse alien\u00ebt ekzistojn\u00eb – por (n\u00ebse eventualisht ekzistuakan, at\u00ebher\u00eb) s\u00ebpaku le t’kemi fat dhe t\u00eb q\u00ebllojn\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb prapangelur se ne. Tekefundit teknologjikisht t\u00eb q\u00ebllojn\u00eb “prapa” nesh. Duke qen\u00eb t\u00eb prapangelur s’kan\u00eb si na z\u00ebn\u00eb “lakuriq” n\u00eb surpriz\u00eb, s’kan\u00eb si na sulmojn\u00eb. Sa p\u00ebr sulmet tona, p\u00ebr stadin ton\u00eb shkenco-teknologjik ata s’kan\u00eb pse frik\u00ebsohen, q\u00ebkur ne aq paq\u00ebsor\u00eb, pacifist\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbetuar.<\/p>\n

Dhe fakt i pal\u00ebkundsh\u00ebm, s’ka si l\u00ebkundet e v\u00ebrteta, deri sot s’e kemi pushtuar as dhe 1 guralec t\u00eb “brezit t\u00eb asteroid\u00ebve”, pa le ndonj\u00eb planet. Sepse jemi paq\u00ebsor, njer\u00ebzimit i p\u00eblqen kultivimi i paqes. Universi dhe yjet na mrekullojn\u00eb, e sakt\u00eb kjo, ama i eksplorojm\u00eb thjesht nga kureshtja. Na interesojn\u00eb dijet, hartografia qiellore, prush\u00ebsia yjore, galaktikat, supernovat.<\/p>\n

Bie fjala, e kemi vizituar H\u00ebn\u00ebn totalisht n\u00eb paqe, as arm\u00eb me vete as tankse, si turist\u00eb paq\u00ebsor\u00eb. Edhe pse H\u00ebna e shkret\u00eb, asnj\u00eb frymor e as banor, H\u00ebn\u00eb e “askujt” hesapi, por s’na ka vajtuar kurr\u00eb mendja p\u00ebr pushtime. As amerikan\u00ebt, as sovjetik\u00ebt, s\u00ebfundi as kinez\u00ebt nuk thon\u00eb “H\u00ebna e jon\u00eb”, “gjysma e H\u00ebn\u00ebs”, “krateri yn\u00eb”, “Luna-lugina jon\u00eb”, “H\u00ebna-mali yn\u00eb… Assesi, s’i shkon kujt mendja p\u00ebr t\u00eb tilla pretendime, sepse jemi specie paq\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n

Dhe k\u00ebshtu, n\u00ebse obsesion teleskopat, n\u00ebse ne i kemi dhe k\u00ebnaqemi duke i fotografuar yjet, at\u00ebher\u00eb do duhej t\u00eb ting\u00ebllonte e logjikshme q\u00eb dhe alien\u00ebt mund t’i ken\u00eb. Pra dhe ata, duke e par\u00eb nga larg (me “marifetet” e tyre teleskopike), padyshim habiten me madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e Murit Kinez, mrekullohen me at\u00eb “guran\u00eb” t\u00eb gjat\u00eb e madh\u00ebshtore. Mrekullohen me faktin e nd\u00ebrmarrjes marramend\u00ebse 17-shekullore t\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit.<\/p>\n

Varet nga stadi i zhvillimit (urojm\u00eb t’jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb prapangelur), ndoshta ata vet\u00eb zor se do ia dilnin ta “ruanin” koherenc\u00ebn organizative, kontributin, saktrificat dhe vazhdim\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr 17 shekuj. Ja pse ndoshta prore i kthehen Murit me teleskopat dhe e studiojn\u00eb, me admirim e respekt. Imagjino n\u00ebse alien\u00ebt (ashtu-k\u00ebshtu t\u00eb magjepsur me Murin “klasik”) t\u00eb d\u00ebgjonin se Kina e ka nd\u00ebrtuar nj\u00eb Mur tjet\u00ebr modern, akoma m\u00eb grandioz, Mur Kibernetik!<\/p>\n

E cek\u00ebm atje lart se mbar\u00eb njer\u00ebzimi mahnitet me megaprojektin e historis\u00eb kineze, me Murin Grandioz. E megjithat\u00eb, n\u00ebse ta p\u00ebrmendnim “Khanin e Madh” (perandorin Xhingis Khan) dhe ushtrit\u00eb e tij t\u00eb pandalshme, pothuaj sikur Muri dhe s’pati “ndihmuar” ashtu si\u00e7 duhej (dmth. n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me “madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb” e vet). Deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb Khanit, Perandoria Mongole do ta pushtonte pothuaj gjith\u00eb Azin\u00eb Qendrore dhe Kin\u00ebn. Thuase s’kishte “Mur” fare, thuase s’pati qen\u00eb ndonj\u00eb penges\u00eb serioze.<\/p>\n

***
\nNj\u00eb titull, ose m\u00eb mir\u00eb, nj\u00eb artikull i autores Elizabeth Economy (publikuar n\u00eb “The Guardian”, v. 2018 me titullin “The great firewall of China<\/em>“) sikur m\u00eb shtyri t\u00eb ironizoj rreth metafor\u00ebs simpatike “The Great Firewall” (p\u00ebrdorur nga autorja). Muri i Madh Kibernetik<\/strong> i Kin\u00ebs sikur m\u00eb shtyri t\u00eb shkruaj p\u00ebr “Murin e Madh” t\u00eb historis\u00eb, p\u00ebr frik\u00ebrat politike-ideologjike dhe p\u00ebr dylbit\u00eb e alien\u00ebve. Nj\u00eb lloj liste t\u00eb bllokad\u00ebs “per\u00ebndimore” nga Kina po e ngjes k\u00ebtu. V\u00ebrtet fjala \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb “Mur t\u00eb Madh” internetik.<\/p>\n

Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb miat, si rrumbullak\u00ebsim (pakashum\u00eb i gjith\u00eb artikullit), autorja Economy shkruante:
\n“…sot Kina investon n\u00eb operacionin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb sofistikuar t\u00eb censur\u00ebs internetike n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Loja e “maces me miun” vazhdon, natyrisht se ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb minj se mace. Sfida p\u00ebr lidershipin e Kin\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb t’i ruaj\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimet internetike (ato gj\u00ebra q\u00eb nga lidershipi perceptohen si p\u00ebrfitime) \u2013 psh. avancimi i tregtis\u00eb internetike (e-komercializmi) dhe inovacioni \u2013 mir\u00ebpo nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht duke mos lejuar q\u00eb teknologjia t’i p\u00ebrshpejtoj\u00eb ndryshimet politike. Fuqia e kontrollit t\u00eb lidershipit mbi Internetin q\u00ebndron n\u00eb angazhimin masiv p\u00ebr parandalim t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb informacionit (q\u00eb nga ta konsiderohet i rreziksh\u00ebm). Kina ka adoptuar teknologji t\u00eb sofistikuara, si “Great Firewall” dhe “Golden Shield”. Mir\u00ebpo ndoshta burimi m\u00eb i fuqish\u00ebm i kontrollit \u00ebsht\u00eb ushtria kibernetike p\u00ebr t’i zbatuar politikat e veta. Numri i t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve p\u00ebr ta monitoruar opinionin dhe p\u00ebr censurimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes internetike n\u00eb v. 2013 qe vler\u00ebsuar t\u00eb jet\u00eb 2 milion\u00eb. Kjo armat\u00eb disamilion\u00ebshe prej monitoruesish jan\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar n\u00ebp\u00ebr departamentet e propagand\u00ebs, nd\u00ebr korporatat private dhe n\u00eb mediat. Nj\u00eb sasi e konsiderueshme e censurimit kryhet p\u00ebrmes fshirjes manuale t\u00eb postimeve (t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve). Qeveria kineze duket e gatshme t’i p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb kostot ekonomike dhe shkencore, si dhe d\u00ebmtimin e mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb besueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb saj, n\u00ebse kjo n\u00ebnkupton m\u00eb shum\u00eb kontroll mbi Internetin.
\nNd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00ebt, politika kibernetike e Pekinit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shenj\u00eb e sfid\u00ebs kineze, q\u00eb gjoja nj\u00eb Kin\u00eb e fuqishme i paraqitet rendit bot\u00ebror liberal (rend i cili u jep p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi vlerave t\u00eb tilla si liria e fjal\u00ebs). Pasqyrohet paradoksi i natyrsh\u00ebm n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet e Kin\u00ebs p\u00ebr ta promovuar veten si kampione t\u00eb globalizimit, nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht duke e mbrojtur nj\u00eb model t\u00eb “sovranitetit internetik”, por dhe duke e mbyllur bot\u00ebn kibernetike kineze ndaj informacionit dhe investimeve nga jasht\u00eb.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – AP, T 2022 Po merresha pak\u00ebz me imagjinat\u00ebn, \u00e7far\u00eb n\u00ebse qeveria e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb “vog\u00ebl… vet\u00ebm 3 milion\u00ebshe”, ta bllokonte dhe izolonte gjith\u00eb popullat\u00ebn shqiptare ndaj gjith\u00e7kaje t\u00eb internetik\u00ebs per\u00ebndimore! Thjesht ashtu kot, imagjinoje pastaj numrin e… Lexo →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-komente"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11856"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11856\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}