{"id":13631,"date":"2023-11-12T23:37:00","date_gmt":"2023-11-12T22:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=13631"},"modified":"2024-09-01T08:11:41","modified_gmt":"2024-09-01T07:11:41","slug":"spartanet-e-lashte-ushtrite-moderne-dhe-homoseksualiteti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=13631","title":{"rendered":"Spartan\u00ebt e Lasht\u00eb, Ushtrit\u00eb Moderne dhe Homoseksualiteti"},"content":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, N 2023<\/em><\/p>\n

(…t\u00eb dy shtetet shqiptare e lejuakan vet\u00ebm LGB-variantin (jo dhe dhe transgjinor\u00ebt, as queer-ist\u00ebt) – personeli lezbiko-homoseksual, biseksual, transgjinor dhe “queer” (LGBTQ) lejohet t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb n\u00eb forcat e armatosura t\u00eb disa vendeve<\/strong>…)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Platoni (n\u00eb “Simpoziumin” e vet – p\u00ebrkth. nga Benjamin Jowett, 1939), nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, pati shkruar dhe si vijon: “\u2026n\u00ebse t’kishte nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr ta realizuar (n\u00ebse t’ishte e mundur<\/span>), krijimi i nj\u00eb shteti a ushtrie do duhej t’ishte nga dashnor\u00eb (trima homoseksual\u00eb, burra q\u00eb e duan nj\u00ebri-tjetrin \u2013 sh\u00ebn. im<\/span>), ata do t’ishin qeveris\u00ebsit m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb qyetetit (shtetit) t\u00eb tyre; duke u p\u00ebrmbajtur nga \u00e7do akt i pandersh\u00ebm, duke iu p\u00ebrkushtuar nj\u00ebri-tjetrit me nder dhe p\u00ebr nder; dhe derisa n\u00eb luft\u00eb krah nj\u00ebri-tjetrit, edhe n\u00ebse t’ishin nj\u00eb grusht i vog\u00ebl burrash, do ngadhnjenin, do ta mundnin bot\u00ebn. Dashnori nuk do zgjidhte t\u00eb shihej m\u00eb tep\u00ebr i denj\u00eb nga njer\u00ebzia, sesa nga vet\u00eb i dashuri i tij \u2013 p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb do e b\u00ebnte k\u00ebt\u00eb, duke e braktisur postin a qoft\u00eb duke e braktisur dashnorin? M\u00eb par\u00eb do t’ishte i gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb vdiste nj\u00ebmij\u00eb her\u00eb, sesa ta p\u00ebrjetonte k\u00ebt\u00eb (turp, tradhti). Apo kush do ta braktiste t\u00eb dashurin e vet, ose ta zhg\u00ebnjente n\u00eb or\u00ebn e rrezikut?<\/em>“.<\/p>\n

***
\nSipas ligjeve civile dhe ushtarake, homoseksualiteti n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e vendeve gjat\u00eb historis\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb toleruar. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn ton\u00eb moderne, me ndryshimet e politikave bashk\u00ebkohore, disa shtete kan\u00eb ligje q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb haptas sh\u00ebrbimin ushtarak LGBTQ, megjithat\u00eb homofobia dhe diskriminimi n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim vazhdojn\u00eb. Holanda do ishte vendi i par\u00eb q\u00eb do e lejonte personelin ushtarak transgjinor, q\u00eb n\u00eb v. 1974. Mund t\u00eb thuhet se n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, ushtrit\u00eb e Evrop\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore kan\u00eb toleranc\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe drejt p\u00ebrfshirjes s\u00eb individ\u00ebve LGBT n\u00eb ushtri.<\/p>\n

Personeli lezbiko-homoseksual, biseksual, transgjinor dhe “queer” (LGBTQ) lejohet t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb n\u00eb forcat e armatosura t\u00eb disa vendeve. Bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e mbledhura nga Qendra e Hag\u00ebs p\u00ebr Studime Strategjike, 19 vende aktualisht i lejojn\u00eb transgjinor\u00ebt t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb n\u00eb ushtrit\u00eb e tyre. Australia (2014), Austria (2014), Belgjika (2014), Bolivia, Brazili, Kanadaja (2014), Republika \u00c7eke (2014), Danimarka (2014), Estonia (2014), Finlanda (2014), Franca (2014), Gjermania (2014), Izraeli (2014), Holanda (2014), Zelanda e Re, Norvegjia (2014), Spanja (2014), Suedia (2014) dhe Mbret\u00ebria e Bashkuar (2014). Pra jo t\u00eb gjitha forcat e armatosura t\u00eb bot\u00ebs kan\u00eb politika q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb eksplicite personelin LGBT.<\/p>\n

Pak\u00ebz sikur qesh \u00e7uditur q\u00eb Rusia e ka t\u00eb ndaluar LGBT-sh\u00ebrbimin \u2013 nuk qesh \u00e7uditur se dhe Turqia nj\u00ebsoj, apo dhe Irani, Afganistani etj. (Ku di, sikur nuk e prisja – s’e dija p\u00ebr Rusin\u00eb). Duke qen\u00eb i interesuar rreth disa fakteve t\u00eb NATO-s, u interesova t\u00eb di si q\u00ebndron puna me sh\u00ebrbimin n\u00eb forcat e armatosura t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb e t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. T\u00eb dy shtetet shqiptare e lejuakan vet\u00ebm LGB-variantin (jo dhe dhe transgjinor\u00ebt, as queer-ist\u00ebt). T\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn praktik\u00eb e “ndiqkan” dhe forcat e Maqedonis\u00eb Veriore, Bosnjes dhe H., Greqis\u00eb, Italis\u00eb, Hungaris\u00eb, e edhe ndonj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

<\/span>***
\nLexuesit eventual t\u00eb shkrimit ton\u00eb padyshim i kujtohet filmi i Hollivudit me titullin “300” (si num\u00ebr, vet\u00ebm kaq ishte titulli). Filmi n\u00eb fjal\u00eb i takonte zhanrit epik-historik, ishte di\u00e7 si ri-rr\u00ebfim i trilluar i Betej\u00ebs s\u00eb Termopileve (pjes\u00eb e Luftrave s\u00eb dikurshme Greko-Persiane). Tema e filmit sillej, apo sillet rreth mbretit Leonida i cili i udh\u00ebheq 300 spartan\u00eb n\u00eb betej\u00eb kund\u00ebr Kserksit (mbret i Persis\u00eb, mbreti Kshajorsha). Mir\u00ebpo filmi jo patjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrputhet me historin\u00eb, bazohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb seri fletoresh vizatimore t\u00eb v. 1998 (t\u00eb komigrafis\u00eb amerikane \u2013 si\u00e7 e quaj un\u00eb). Ishte di\u00e7 si trillim, hiper-epikalizim i fantazis\u00eb, i menduar dmth. si arg\u00ebtim kinematografik.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t’u p\u00ebrshtatur sadopak me stilin e fletoreve vizatimore, filmi qe ndikuar duksh\u00ebm me kroma-ngjyrat, me efekte t\u00eb ndryshme e me lloj-lloj stisjesh teknike. Ashtu-k\u00ebshtu filmi duhej t’ishte aso dramatik, me plot aksion, me duele, djers\u00eb, gjak, dhun\u00eb, flijime epike. Pa le q\u00eb 300 luft\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Leonidas\u00eb ishin aso me zemrash luaneske, trima t\u00eb spikatur, secili m\u00eb trim se tjetri, zgjedhur nga ai vet\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Le t’themi se kryetrimi Leonida i pati prir\u00eb nj\u00eb “mini-bataljoni” (nj\u00eb bataljon mund t’i ket\u00eb nga 300, deri 1000 ushtar\u00eb). Bataljoni i tij dmth. e kishte “minimumin” e ushtar\u00ebve, mir\u00ebpo p\u00ebrb\u00ebhej nga vet\u00eb “ajka” e trim\u00ebris\u00eb dhe zot\u00ebzis\u00eb luftarake. Nga 1000 kandidat\u00eb, Leonida sikur i pati ve\u00e7uar 300 m\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7antit, 700 t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve u mungonte ndonj\u00eb di\u00e7 (p\u00ebr t’u zgjedhur dhe ata). Leonida dhe 300 t\u00eb zgjedhurit e tij, n\u00eb fakt do i kund\u00ebrviheshin ushtris\u00eb prej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 300.000 ushtar\u00ebsh persian\u00eb. Dhe vet\u00ebm “p\u00ebrmasat” e k\u00ebsaj ideje, 300 versus 300.000, dhe vet\u00ebm kaq do duhej t’na linte goj\u00ebhapur, do duhej t’na mahniste.<\/p>\n

Realisht, dmth. n\u00eb kuadrin e historis\u00eb reale, duke e kuptuar k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimin e ushtris\u00eb pushtuese q\u00eb vinte andej nga Azia, at\u00ebbot\u00eb qeveria e Spart\u00ebs do e niste mbretin Leonida me trimat e tij n\u00eb Termopilet. Leonida dhe 300-shja (mini-bataljoni i tij) do mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruhej si manevrim “paratakues”, q\u00eb sadopak t’i ndalej hovi pushtuesit derisa mobilizimi i plot\u00eb i grek\u00ebve t\u00eb b\u00ebhej realitet.
\nPor shkuarja n\u00eb Termopilet nuk pati qen\u00eb vet\u00ebm vendim i mbretit Leonida, meq\u00eb dhe polise tjera greke (qytet-shtete) do bashkoheshin me 300 burrat spartan\u00eb, dhe s\u00eb bashku do ishin rreth 5000-6000 ushtar\u00eb grek\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse t\u00eb fuqizohej nj\u00eb lloj “koncensusi historik” mes kronikave t\u00eb lashta dhe versioneve si\u00e7 thon\u00eb shkollar\u00ebt modern\u00eb, do kishim se betej\u00eb-rezistenca greke n\u00eb Termopilet ishte thjesht disfat\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm me betejat e m\u00ebvonshme (si ne stere, dhe aso detare) do arrihej q\u00eb pushtimi persian t\u00eb shtyhej.
\nFilmi “thot\u00eb” se tek pas rezistenc\u00ebs epike n\u00eb Termopilet do vinte bashkimi i grek\u00ebve. Filmi aludon sikur jehona heroike, nami i 300 trimave do i senzibilizonte grek\u00ebt dhe e gjith\u00eb Greqia do b\u00ebhej “nj\u00eb”. Por n\u00eb fakt spartan\u00ebt ve\u00e7 e kishin aleanc\u00ebn me poliset tjera kund\u00ebr Persis\u00eb, nuk pati shkuar n\u00eb Termopilet vet\u00ebm Leonida me bataljonin e “luan\u00ebve” (si\u00e7 na e paraqet filmi, ose fletoret komigrafike pararend\u00ebse).<\/p>\n

Memet e stilit “k\u00ebtu i thon\u00eb Spart\u00eb” sikur do ishin t\u00eb pashmangshme, frym\u00ebzuar nga filmi memet do ishin di\u00e7 si “buuuum” internetik. Pezmi dhe st\u00ebrkalat e mbretit Leonida tek e hedh n\u00eb humner\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebrguarin arrogant t\u00eb Kserksit, zor t’i ken\u00eb “shp\u00ebtuar” kujt. Nj\u00ebsoj si\u00e7 dhe n\u00eb komigrafin\u00eb, edhe n\u00eb film \u00ebsht\u00eb sken\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, e stisur me q\u00ebllim, e stisur si dizajn p\u00ebr ta fyer e posht\u00ebruar armikun sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Fantazia s’ka kufizime, n\u00ebp\u00ebr trillimet e arg\u00ebtimit (qofshin filma, komigrafika, romane a \u00e7far\u00ebdo) t\u00eb tilla skena s’jan\u00eb as t\u00eb ndaluara as t\u00eb “pakuptimta”. N\u00eb kontekstin e fantazis\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka e ka “logjik\u00ebn adekuate”, secila sken\u00eb-stisje do e ket\u00eb kuptimin e vet dhe i lidh ca nga pikat e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb, p\u00ebrndryshe ndoshta as fantazia nuk funksionon.<\/p>\n

Mir\u00ebpo t\u00eb tilla trillime-fabrikime fiksionale sikur e shtremb\u00ebrojn\u00eb, shpesh sikur e “fyejn\u00eb” historin\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb. Bie fjala, disa skena t\u00eb filmit “300” i portretizojn\u00eb ushtar\u00ebt e Persis\u00eb si krijesa demoniake, si demon\u00eb t\u00eb imagjinat\u00ebs\u2026 na shfaqen lloj-lloj trillimesh (si pjes\u00eb e ushtris\u00eb persiane). Madje dhe vet\u00eb Kserksi, “Mbreti Zot” portretizohet si nj\u00eb “demon i feminizuar” (apo n\u00ebse feminizimi, demonizimi t’na jen\u00eb fjal\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, at\u00ebher\u00eb me tipare t\u00eb qarta pederastie). Filmi i pati “frustruar” sidomos autoritetet iraniane, Akademia e Arteve t\u00eb Iranit e pati quajtur “sulm mbi identitetin historik t\u00eb Iranit”. Madje iranian\u00ebt do i qaseshin me ankes\u00eb zyrtare dhe vet\u00eb UNESCO-s.<\/p>\n

Derisa Hollivudi i demonizon persian\u00ebt (si mos m\u00eb keq\u2026 mozomokeq, vet\u00eb mbretin e tyre e paraqet si “pederast i demonizuar”), apo dhe n\u00eb rregull, pse jo \u2013 si\u00e7 e tham\u00eb fantazia fantazi. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, n\u00ebp\u00ebr produktet e dizajnuara p\u00ebr rinin\u00eb dhe f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, sikur Hollivudi me k\u00ebmb\u00ebngulje i shmang faktet e historis\u00eb realistike, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb dhe detaje t\u00eb “m\u00ebdha”. Sikur Hollivudit m\u00eb tep\u00ebr i p\u00eblqen t\u00eb merret me fantazira e me shtremb\u00ebrime masive, sesa me detaje t\u00eb thjeshta t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsis\u00eb historike. Sikur Hollivudi me k\u00ebmb\u00ebngulje \u00ebsht\u00eb duke e ndjekur nj\u00eb lloj “agjende” t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse 300 spartan\u00ebt e Leonidas\u00eb na kishin “vese homoseksuale”, Hollivudit aq i b\u00ebn, heshtje totale, as g\u00ebk as m\u00ebk, as q\u00eb brengoset. Mir\u00ebpo demonizimi i persian\u00ebve, “homoseksualizimi” i mbretit t\u00eb tyre me gjas\u00eb na \u00ebsht\u00eb biznes mjaft arg\u00ebtues : )
\nEdhe pse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shkollar\u00ebt e bot\u00ebs e din\u00eb faktin se Teba e Greqis\u00eb s\u00eb lasht\u00eb, menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas Spart\u00ebs, do e kishte “bataljonin” prej 150 \u00e7ifteve homoseksuale (nj\u00ebsitin e par\u00eb homoseksual t\u00eb historis\u00eb reale). Platoni, Ksenofoni dhe plot kokash t\u00eb lasht\u00ebsis\u00eb na thon\u00eb “pooo, ushtar\u00ebt grek\u00eb ishin homoseksual\u00eb”, e megjithat\u00eb filmografia iraniane kurr\u00eb s’e “demonizoi” as Greqin\u00eb, as Spart\u00ebn, dhe as Teb\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Beteja n\u00eb Termopilet pati ndodhur n\u00eb v. 480 pes., jo 300 trima por 5000-6000 luan\u00ebr grek\u00eb (s\u00eb bashku me krye-luanin Leonida) qen\u00eb flijuar burr\u00ebrisht. Rreth 1 shekull m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb v. 378 do formohej nj\u00ebsiti ushtarak i quajtur “Banda e Shenjt\u00eb e Teb\u00ebs”, e cila nj\u00ebsi do i kishte 300 ushtar\u00eb. Nj\u00ebsoj si ata t\u00eb mbretit Leonida, edhe ky mini-bataljon ishte trup\u00eb ushtarake e zgjedhur \u2013 dallimi k\u00ebsaj radhe ishte se p\u00ebrb\u00ebhej nga 150 \u00e7ifte (meshkuj t\u00eb dashuruar n\u00eb nj\u00ebri-tjetrin). Ishin di\u00e7 si \u00e7ifte zyrtare (pik\u00ebrisht si\u00e7 aludonte dhe Platoni), ushtar\u00eb elitar\u00eb q\u00eb do i jepnin fund vet\u00eb fuqis\u00eb s\u00eb Spart\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Kjo nj\u00ebsi ushtarake, si mini-bataljon prej 300 ushtar\u00ebsh ishte pra forc\u00eb elitare e ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb Teb\u00ebs, e cila ushtri n\u00eb fakt do i jepte fund dominimit dhe fuqis\u00eb spartane. Historia thot\u00eb se “Lufta Boetiane” do shp\u00ebrthente n\u00eb v. 378 pes. (ishte rezultat i nj\u00eb revolte n\u00eb Teb\u00eb kund\u00ebr Spart\u00ebs). Fuqia e Spart\u00ebs do zbehej, mbizot\u00ebrimi i Teb\u00ebs do fillonte rreth v. 371 pes., anise pas ca dekadave fuqia dhe zot\u00ebsia e Teb\u00ebs do “zhvendosej” n\u00eb duart e Filipit II t\u00eb Maqedonis\u00eb. Ky me fitoren e vet n\u00eb Betej\u00ebn e Kerones\u00eb, n\u00eb v. 338 pes. sikur gjith\u00e7ka do ta “siguronte” p\u00ebr vete.<\/p>\n

[ ngjitur: aktori Gerard Butler (me pelerin\u00ebn e kuqe, n\u00eb rolin e mbretit Leonida), gjat\u00eb filmimit t\u00eb “300”, mbase duke u konsultuar me regjisorin..<\/span>. ]<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, N 2023 (…t\u00eb dy shtetet shqiptare e lejuakan vet\u00ebm LGB-variantin (jo dhe dhe transgjinor\u00ebt, as queer-ist\u00ebt) – personeli lezbiko-homoseksual, biseksual, transgjinor dhe “queer” (LGBTQ) lejohet t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb n\u00eb forcat e armatosura t\u00eb disa vendeve…) Platoni… Lexo →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-komente"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13631"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13631\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}