{"id":16924,"date":"2025-02-10T11:47:43","date_gmt":"2025-02-10T10:47:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=16924"},"modified":"2025-06-27T04:49:50","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T03:49:50","slug":"moska-e-stalinit-roma-e-trete-dhe-porti-i-pese-deteve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=16924","title":{"rendered":"Moska e Stalinit, Roma e Tret\u00eb, dhe Porti i Pes\u00eb Deteve!"},"content":{"rendered":"

(s. guraziu – ars poetica, shkurt 2025)<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

[ Roma (e romak\u00ebve) dhe veset e qyteteve “7-kodrinore”<\/strong> ]<\/p>\n

Duke k\u00ebrkuar di\u00e7 rreth “Fontan\u00ebs s\u00eb Miq\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Popujve” t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs (anise n\u00eb koh\u00eb lufte “miq\u00ebsia” e Rusis\u00eb ndaj popujve ting\u00ebllon pothuaj si ironi, mir\u00ebpo n\u00eb kuptimin artistik m\u00eb duhej fontana, \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7 si monument i Sovjet-Rusis\u00eb, si vep\u00ebr artistike, fjala \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb grup rrethor skulpturash t\u00eb florinjta, thuase hedhin valle rreth fontan\u00ebs), n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim e sip\u00ebr rast\u00ebsisht e gjeta nj\u00eb grafik\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, t\u00eb v. 2000 (shih ngjitur) ku paraqitej hidrografia e Mosk\u00ebs dhe e rrethin\u00ebs q\u00eb e lidh me 5 detet, dhe k\u00ebshtu grafika ma kujtoi fraz\u00ebn, apo nofk\u00ebn ‘Moska, Porti i Pes\u00eb Deteve’.<\/p>\n

Dihet q\u00eb Moska ka shum\u00eb emra simbolik\u00eb, njihet me lloj-lloj emrash, thuase gjat\u00eb historis\u00eb rus\u00ebt e kan\u00eb ‘p\u00ebrk\u00ebdhelur’ qytetin e tyre madh\u00ebshtor duke e pag\u00ebzuar me lloj-lloj nofkash t\u00eb ndryshme. Si psh. ‘Moska, Qytet n\u00eb Shtat\u00eb Kodra’ (po, ekzakt-nj\u00ebsoj sikur dhe Roma e romak\u00ebve), pastaj emri tjet\u00ebr ‘Moska, Roma e Tret\u00eb’ (sepse Moska, sipas rus\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb vazhdim\u00ebsi i madh\u00ebshtis\u00eb s\u00eb Rom\u00ebs romake), ose nofka tjet\u00ebr ‘Moska, me Kupolat e Arta’, ose tjetra ‘Moska, Qyteti Gurbardh\u00eb’, dhe ndoshta nj\u00ebra nga nofkat m\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme ‘Moska, Porti i Pes\u00eb Deteve’.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebsaj “Mosk\u00ebs s\u00eb Pes\u00eb Deteve” do i rrekemi sadopak m\u00eb gjer\u00ebsisht – sapo ta “rrahim pak\u00ebz nofk\u00ebn 7-kodrinore” t\u00eb qyteteve.<\/p>\n

Kur thuhet “Qyteti i Shtat\u00eb Kodrave” zakonisht kjo fraz\u00eb i referohet Rom\u00ebs, thuhet se Roma qe nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb shtat\u00eb kodra. Legjenda thot\u00eb se Remi dhe Romuli themelet e para t\u00eb qytetit i nis\u00ebn n\u00eb kodr\u00ebn Palatina n\u00eb v. 753 pes. Dhe se kodrat e m\u00ebpastajme si zgjerim fillimisht n\u00ebnkuptonin vendbanime t\u00eb vogla, di\u00e7 si vendbanime ende jo t\u00eb “grupuara” (n\u00eb nj\u00eb qytet). Disa shekuj m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit IV pes., thuhet se u nd\u00ebrtuan dhe muret p\u00ebr t’i mbrojtur shtat\u00eb kodrat (i bie pakashum\u00eb ‘shtat\u00eb lagje-bregoret’ e Rom\u00ebs fillestare).<\/p>\n

Shtat\u00eb kodrat e Rom\u00ebs origjinale at\u00ebbot\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00eb lindje t\u00eb lumit Tiber (ku ndodhen dhe sot e k\u00ebsaj dite, kuptohet, kodrat s’kan\u00eb l\u00ebvizur, ende jan\u00eb aty ku ishin, n\u00eb lindje t\u00eb Tiber, por qyteti do rritej – do i mbulonte dhe 3-4 kodra tjera : ) Shtat\u00eb kodrat origjinale m\u00eb von\u00eb do p\u00ebrfshiheshin dhe brenda mureve (t\u00eb Rom\u00ebs fillestare, do b\u00ebhej dmth. qytet i fortifikuar). Shtat\u00eb kodrat e Rom\u00ebs ishin Aventina (lat. Aventinus), Kalia (Caelius), Kapitolina (Capitolinus), Eskilina (Esquilinus), Palatina (Palatinus), Kirinalia (Quirinalis), Viminalia (Viminalis).<\/p>\n

Edhe ‘Shtat\u00eb Kodrat e Mosk\u00ebs’ m\u00ebton t’jet\u00eb di\u00e7 si nj\u00eb em\u00ebr historik i disa pjes\u00ebve kodrinore, mbi t\u00eb cilat qe nd\u00ebrtuar Moska. Legjenda e Shtat\u00eb Kodrave t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs (si analogji me Kodrat e Rom\u00ebs romake) \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur q\u00eb nga shek. XVI. E megjithat\u00eb s’\u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm Roma, as jo vet\u00ebm Moska… q\u00eb jan\u00eb preokupuar me legjendat “7-kodrinore”. Bota i ka dhe shum\u00eb qytete t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb me t’nj\u00ebjtin pretendim “7-kodrinor” (t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn dhe afro 100 qytete t\u00eb tjera).<\/p>\n

Psh. iden\u00eb e “7 kodrave”, nj\u00ebsoj me shembullin e Rom\u00ebs, e ndjek dhe Kievi (i Ukrain\u00ebs), Lisbona (e Portugalis\u00eb), Stambolli (i Turqis\u00eb), Uashingtoni (i ShBA), Mumbai (i Indis\u00eb), Jerusalemi (i Izraelit), Amani (i Jordanis\u00eb), Meka (e Arabis\u00eb), Teherani (i Iranit), Madridi, Barcelona (t\u00eb Spanj\u00ebs), \u200b\u200bBergamoja (e Italis\u00eb), Bristoli, Liverpuli, Edinburgu (t\u00eb Britanis\u00eb), Athina (e Greqis\u00eb), Bergeni (i Norvegjis\u00eb), Brukseli (i Belgjik\u00ebs), Bukureshti (i Rumanis\u00eb), Plovdivi (i Bullgaris\u00eb), Praga (e Rep. \u00c7eke)… etj. ne i radhit\u00ebm nja ~20 qytete “kodrinore”, por list\u00ebs duhet shtuar s\u00ebpaku + nja 80 qytete “7-kodrinore” t\u00eb bot\u00ebs : )<\/p>\n

Sa p\u00ebr nofk\u00ebn ‘Moska, Roma e Tret\u00eb’ thuhet se \u00ebsht\u00eb koncept teologjik dhe politik, koncept q\u00eb e sheh Mosk\u00ebn si pasuese t\u00eb Rom\u00ebs s\u00eb lasht\u00eb, dhe k\u00ebshtu bota ruse (n\u00eb idealizimet e rus\u00ebve) shihej si vazhdim\u00ebsi e madh\u00ebshtis\u00eb s\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Romake. Termi “Roma e tret\u00eb” ka t’b\u00ebj\u00eb dmth. me \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e qytetit pasardh\u00ebs t\u00eb “Rom\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb” (Roma, e Perandoris\u00eb Romake t\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit) dhe “Rom\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb” (Kostandinopojes, si Rom\u00eb e Perandoris\u00eb Romake t\u00eb Lindjes).<\/p>\n

[ Moska, “Porti i Pes\u00eb Deteve” – Nofka e Stalinit p\u00ebr Mosk\u00ebn<\/strong> ]<\/p>\n

Ndoshta nj\u00ebra nga nofkat m\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs, “Porti i Pes\u00eb Deteve”. Dhe mjaft interesante, q\u00ebkur Moska s’ka asnj\u00eb det af\u00ebr, p\u00ebrkundrazi, ndodhet t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn disa qindra kilometra nga deti m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt. E megjithat\u00eb Moska nga rus\u00ebt “p\u00ebrk\u00ebdhelet” me konsiderat\u00ebn e t\u00eb q\u00ebnit port detar, madje “port i pes\u00eb deteve”. Si \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur n\u00ebse me qindra km larg detit, dhe pse kjo nofk\u00eb? Madje (sipas prof. Alexey Skopin) kjo “nofk\u00eb” s’ka pse i takon vet\u00ebm Mosk\u00ebs, sepse \u00e7do qytet q\u00eb ka lidhje ujore me Mosk\u00ebn mund t\u00eb konsiderohet nj\u00ebsoj, “Port i Pes\u00eb Deteve”, psh. qyteti Kazan, Volgograd etj.<\/p>\n

Dmth. as gjeografia dhe as hidrografia e rrethin\u00ebs s\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs nuk ndihmojn\u00eb gj\u00eb rreth shpjegimit t\u00eb “nofk\u00ebs”. S’ka det af\u00ebr, ekziston vet\u00ebm lumi i Mosk\u00ebs, disa rezervuar\u00eb dhe liqene. Dalja m\u00eb e af\u00ebrt n\u00eb det do ishte n\u00ebse ndiqet ruta kah Deti Baltik (ku ndodhet dhe Sh\u00ebn Petersburgu). Por kjo “ide” prap\u00eb i bie se \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 600 km larg Mosk\u00ebs.
\nN\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, ideja p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb Mosk\u00ebn “port me pes\u00eb dete” \u00ebsht\u00eb kryk\u00ebput staliniste. Ishte vet\u00eb Stalini ideatori, ai q\u00eb e pati “shpikur” nofk\u00ebn, ose fraz\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

“Porti i Pes\u00eb Deteve” \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmi e ambicjeve strategjike t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb sa i p\u00ebrket tregtis\u00eb detare dhe logjistik\u00ebs, fraza qe adaptuar p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb Kanalit t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs, i cili siguron lidhje me pes\u00eb dete, Detin Baltik, Detin e Bardh\u00eb, Detin Kaspik, Detin Azov dhe Detin e Zi. Kanali prej 128 kilometrash \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb arterie e lundrueshme q\u00eb e lidh lumin Moska me lumin e madh Vollga. Qe nd\u00ebrtuar nga t\u00eb burgosurit e Gulagut, s\u00ebpaku 200.000 t\u00eb burgosur, n\u00ebn drejtimin e policis\u00eb sekrete sovjetike, nga v. 1932 deri 1937. Fillimisht do quhej “Kanali Mosk\u00eb-Vollg\u00eb”, por n\u00eb v. 1947 qe riem\u00ebrtuar “Kanali i Mosk\u00ebs”.<\/p>\n

Kanali lidhet me lumin Moska n\u00eb Tushino (zon\u00eb n\u00eb veri-per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs), nga ku lidhet pastaj me lumin Vollga n\u00eb qytetin Dubna. Gjat\u00ebsia e kanalit \u00ebsht\u00eb 128.1 km, thell\u00ebsia minimale \u00ebsht\u00eb 5.5 metra. Di\u00e7 si kuriozitet i Dubna \u00ebsht\u00eb se aty ndodhet nj\u00ebra nga statujat m\u00eb t\u00eb larta n\u00eb bot\u00eb e Leninit (25 metra e lart\u00eb), e nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb v. 1937, pik\u00ebrisht ku bashkohen Vollga dhe Kanali i Mosk\u00ebs. Si “detaj” i kuriozitetit \u00ebsht\u00eb se dhe Stalini e kishte aty statuj\u00ebn e lart\u00eb, nj\u00ebsoj si komrad Lenini, por m\u00eb von\u00eb statuja e tij qe \u00e7montuar, qe hequr, nuk e donin m\u00eb, pati qen\u00eb di\u00e7 si “destalinizim” i sovjet\u00ebve : )<\/p>\n

M\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb vitet 1950, n\u00eb Volgograd do nd\u00ebrtohej dhe nj\u00eb kanal tjet\u00ebr i madh, 101 km i gjat\u00eb, mes lumenjve Vollga dhe Don. Ky kanal mund\u00ebsonte hyrjen nga Vollga n\u00eb Detin Azov, dhe m\u00eb pas n\u00eb Detin e Zi.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet “Kanalit t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs”, Moska lidhet me Hidro-Sistemin e Unifikuar t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb (Evropiane), nj\u00eb sistem i madh kanalesh dhe lumenjsh , i cili krijon akses n\u00eb pes\u00eb dete; si\u00e7 e cek\u00ebm Detin e Bardh\u00eb, Baltik, Kaspik, Azov dhe Detin e Zi. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 transportit, kanali siguron dhe rreth gjysm\u00ebn e ujit p\u00ebr konsum t\u00eb Kryeqytetit, si dhe brigjet e liqeneve t\u00eb shumt\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren si zona rekreacioni. Madje dhe gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, kanali do e kishte nj\u00eb rol jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb mbrojtjen e Mosk\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Ambicjet e Stalinit kishin t’b\u00ebnin me industrializimin sa m\u00eb t’shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb vendit. N\u00eb mbar\u00eb Bashkimin Sovjetik do nisnin nd\u00ebrtime t\u00eb shumta, qen\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb projekte t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Nd\u00ebrmarrjet m\u00eb ambicioze t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimtaris\u00eb komuniste ishin kanalet. K\u00ebto do ishin dhe projektet m\u00eb fam\u00ebkeqe, meq\u00eb do nd\u00ebrtoheshin nga t\u00eb burgosurit, do u merrnin jet\u00ebn mij\u00ebra t\u00eb burgosurve.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 kanaleve dhe mega-projekteve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, Stalini do e startonte dhe planin e madh p\u00ebr rind\u00ebrtimin e Mosk\u00ebs. Qyteti duhej t\u00eb modernizohej p\u00ebr t’qen\u00eb nj\u00eb kryeqytet i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm, Moska duhej t’ishte mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebse p\u00ebr kombin e ri ambicioz, p\u00ebr kombin e madh dhe p\u00ebrparimtar sovjetik. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve 1920 Kryeqyteti megjithat\u00eb ende dukej mjaft ‘provincial’. Dihej dhe shkaku pse Moska pati ngelur mbrapa, ishte mjaft e prapangelur sa i p\u00ebrket zhvillimit. Sepse gjat\u00eb epok\u00ebs perandorake Moska thuase qe ‘harruar’, pjesa d\u00ebrrmuese e zhvillim-p\u00ebrparimit do p\u00ebrqendrohej n\u00eb kryeqytetin e Carit, n\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Petersburg.<\/p>\n

Stalini e filloi nd\u00ebrtimin e sistemit t\u00eb metros\u00eb p\u00ebr Mosk\u00ebn, ia filloi me nd\u00ebrtimin e rrug\u00ebve t\u00eb reja, madje dhe do i zgjeronte rrug\u00ebt ekzistente. Lidhur me zgjerimet rrugore, n\u00eb disa raste do i zhvendoste dhe nd\u00ebrtesat, insistonte t\u00eb hiqej qafe \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb mund t’ia zinte “udh\u00ebn” ndonj\u00eb rruge a perspektive t\u00eb re.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ta furnizuar Mosk\u00ebn ambicioze me sasi t\u00eb mjaftueshme uji t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm dhe industrial, si dhe p\u00ebr t’i dh\u00ebn\u00eb qasje Mosk\u00ebs n\u00eb transportin detar, Stalini urdh\u00ebroi nd\u00ebrtimin e kanalit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t’lidheshin lumi Moska me lumin Vollga. Anise kjo s’pati qen\u00eb ide e re, q\u00eb n\u00eb shek. XVIII p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb si ide ambicioze i pati shkrepur Pjetrit t\u00eb Madh, por q\u00eb dmth. s’do ket\u00eb mundur ta realizonte, sepse projekt gjigant.<\/p>\n

Pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb mega-projekteve prej kanaleve, p\u00ebr moskovit\u00ebt dhe p\u00ebr mjaft zona tjera sovjetike qe b\u00ebr\u00eb e mundur arritja n\u00eb pes\u00eb detet pa zbritur kurr\u00eb nga anija. Pa patur fare det Moska tashm\u00eb lidhej me Detin e Bardh\u00eb, Baltik, Kaspik, me Detin e Zi, me Detin Azov. Si\u00e7 e p\u00ebrmend\u00ebm m\u00eb lart, fraza “Moska, Porti i Pes\u00eb Deteve” qe krijuar nga vet\u00eb Stalini – u shqiptua nga vet\u00eb ai me rastin e ceremonis\u00eb s\u00eb inaugurimit t\u00eb Kanalit t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs, n\u00eb v. 1937. Moska do zhvillohej nga Stalini, do b\u00ebhej di\u00e7 si “nuse metropolistike” sovjetike e buz\u00ebqeshur, Stalini do nd\u00ebrtonte, rind\u00ebrtonte, do i zgjeronte me rrug\u00eb, me parqe e me sheshe, do ta b\u00ebnte Mosk\u00ebn Kryeqytet madh\u00ebshtor… por ja q\u00eb sovjet\u00ebt megjithat\u00eb do ia hiqnin skulptur\u00ebn n\u00eb Dubna.<\/p>\n

Vall\u00eb a nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e \u00e7uditshme, gjith\u00eb ato b\u00ebma e kontribute p\u00ebr Mosk\u00ebn, gjith\u00eb ato nd\u00ebrtime, askush si ai s’i pati “shtrydhur” t\u00eb burgosurit e ngrat\u00eb, askush s’e pati p\u00ebrbuzur m\u00eb shum\u00eb se ai jet\u00ebn e varfanjak\u00ebve, humanizmin, t\u00eb drejtat bazike t\u00eb njeriut, e pati pushtuar Berlinin, e mori gjysm\u00ebn e Gjermanis\u00eb, e shkeli si deshi gjysm\u00ebn e Evrop\u00ebs me \u00e7izmet e kuqe, e nd\u00ebrtoi 2-3 vite pas Amerik\u00ebs bomb\u00ebn atomike, gjith\u00eb ato arritje p\u00ebr Sovjet-Rusin\u00eb… e megjithat\u00eb nuk e “donin”, skulptura e tij s’e meritonte t\u00eb rrinte aty p\u00ebrkrah asaj t\u00eb Leninit n\u00eb Dubna : )<\/p>\n

(ngjitur: skulptura m\u00eb e lart\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb e Leninit, ne Dubna, dhe hidrografia e Mosk\u00ebs si “port i 5 deteve”)<\/em><\/p>\n

Referencat:
\n1. Infoservices International, Inc., 2000
\n2. Donald Ostrowski – “‘Moscow the Third Rome’ as Historical Ghost”, 2006
\n3. Alar Laats – “The concept of the Third Rome and its political implications”
\n4. Alexandra Guzeva – “Gateway to Russia”, 2022
\n5. The Exhibition of Achievements of National Economy (VDNH), Moscow
\n 
\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(s. guraziu – ars poetica, shkurt 2025) [ Roma (e romak\u00ebve) dhe veset e qyteteve “7-kodrinore” ] Duke k\u00ebrkuar di\u00e7 rreth “Fontan\u00ebs s\u00eb Miq\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Popujve” t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs (anise n\u00eb koh\u00eb lufte “miq\u00ebsia” e Rusis\u00eb ndaj popujve ting\u00ebllon pothuaj si… Lexo →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16924","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-shenime-shkurt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16924","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16924"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16924\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16924"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}