{"id":17923,"date":"2025-06-25T12:00:52","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T11:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=17923"},"modified":"2025-06-25T13:00:56","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T12:00:56","slug":"superfuqia-shkencerisht-2025-kush-u-prin-shkencave-boterisht","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=17923","title":{"rendered":"Superfuqia “shkenc\u00ebrisht” (2025) – Kush u prin shkencave, bot\u00ebrisht?"},"content":{"rendered":"

(senad guraziu \u2013 ars poetica, q 2025 – pak fjal\u00eb, dhe 2 infografika)<\/em><\/p>\n

K\u00ebt\u00eb vit kinez\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebt e bot\u00ebs, institucionet k\u00ebrkimore shkencore t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs t\u00eb pandalshme. Ep\u00ebrsia shkencore e Kin\u00ebs ndaj ShBA siduket \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00ebfishuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 4 her\u00eb gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit 1-vje\u00e7are, nd\u00ebrsa disa institucione per\u00ebndimore i kan\u00eb humbur pozicionet e para q\u00eb i mbanin prej vitesh.<\/p>\n

Institucionet kineze e dominojn\u00eb renditjen e p\u00ebrgjithshme n\u00eb list\u00ebn Lider\u00ebt e K\u00ebrkimit Shkencor t\u00eb “Nature Index” 2025. Vitin e kaluar, qarqet shkencore amerikane brengoseshin se zgjedhjet dhe fitorja e Trump do ta form\u00ebsojn\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e shkenc\u00ebs amerikane. Dhe ja tani, me gjas\u00eb brengat e tyre dhe “prognozat” doli se paskan qen\u00eb t\u00eb sakta.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Universiteti i Harvardit (ShBA) dhe Society Max Planck (Gjermani) jan\u00eb t\u00eb vetmet institucione jo-kineze q\u00eb figurojn\u00eb n\u00eb 10-shen m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb Indeksit 2025. Prapangelja per\u00ebndimore shkencore pak\u00ebz sikur p\u00ebr “keqardhje” (n\u00ebse t\u00eb shihej “politikisht”), mir\u00ebpo nga ana tjet\u00ebr si “ngush\u00ebllim” \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb shkencat jan\u00eb universale, pavar\u00ebsisht se kush tashm\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb, ashtu-k\u00ebshtu shkencat jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbar\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit : ) Pothuaj gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb gjysm\u00ebshekullit XX, dhe 2 dekadat e XXI, bota e di q\u00eb ShBA e mbante ep\u00ebrsin\u00eb shkencore, kinez\u00ebt fare modest\u00eb, si at\u00ebher\u00eb, si gjithmon\u00eb, si tashm\u00eb, kurr\u00eb s’u ankuan, as p\u00ebr Nobelat as p\u00ebr asgj\u00eb, prore kok\u00ebulur dhe duke m\u00ebsuar : )<\/p>\n

Faktor\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb shkenc\u00eb me cil\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb disa vende – thuhet nga editoret e “Nature”, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs q\u00eb nga v. 2014 mir\u00ebmbahet indeksi i ashtuquajtur “Nature\u2019s Index”.<\/p>\n

Ndarja metrike e list\u00ebs s\u00eb Lider\u00ebve t\u00eb K\u00ebrkimit Shkencor e paraqet renditjen e institucioneve dhe vendeve-territoreve q\u00eb kan\u00eb performuar m\u00eb mir\u00eb, gjat\u00eb vitit kalendarik 2024. Metrikat maten n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb prurjeve shkencore, artikujve dhe autor\u00ebsis\u00eb q\u00eb publikohen gjat\u00eb vitit, n\u00eb 145 revista t\u00eb bot\u00ebs me cil\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nuk e di sakt\u00eb (me shif\u00ebr ekzakte) p\u00ebr v. 2024, ShBA padyshim do i ket\u00eb shpenzuar afro 1 trilion $ (psh. gjat\u00eb v. 2023 – qen\u00eb shpenzuar 923 miliard\u00eb $, ose rreth 30% e shpenzimeve globale p\u00ebr K\u00ebrkime dhe Zhvillim shkencor). Mir\u00ebpo, nd\u00ebrsa ekonomia e Kin\u00ebs prore duke u rritur, paralelisht jan\u00eb rritur dhe shpenzimet kineze t\u00eb K\u00ebrkimit dhe Zhvillimit shkencor. Edhe Kina tani fare af\u00ebr investimeve t\u00eb ShBA (n\u00eb v. 2022 kinez\u00ebt i shpenzuan 812 miliard\u00eb $).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

***
\nVitin e kaluar [ https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=16742<\/a> ] pata shkruar se ShBA ishte dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7 si “superfuqi e shkenc\u00ebs”, \u00e7do indeks statistikor p\u00ebr pothuaj gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb gjysm\u00ebshekullit XX, dhe 2 dekadat e XXI e d\u00ebshmonte ep\u00ebrsin\u00eb e ShBA. N\u00ebse t\u00eb thuktohej e gjitha, bie fjala si fakt i madh \u00ebsht\u00eb se gjat\u00eb 5-vje\u00e7arit t\u00eb fundit ShBA ka fituar m\u00eb shum\u00eb \u00e7mime Nobel t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebs, se pjesa tjet\u00ebr e bot\u00ebs shkencore s\u00eb bashku.<\/p>\n

Af\u00ebrmendsh se dhe vet\u00ebm ky fakt (si pasqyr\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme) \u00ebsht\u00eb “mjaft”, kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr ta kuptuar impenjimin e ShBA n\u00eb rrafshin e investimeve p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkim-zhvillimin shkencor. Sipas logjik\u00ebs \u00e7far\u00eb mbjell pakashum\u00eb ashtu parapriten dhe korrjet, n\u00ebse gjith\u00e7ka shkon mbar\u00eb e si duhet.<\/p>\n

Ta \u201cushqesh\u201d shkenc\u00ebn sistematikisht, n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb do t\u2019thot\u00eb t\u2019i ndash mjetet q\u00eb nevojiten. Do t\u2019thot\u00eb t\u2019i kesh miliardat\u2026 me dhjetra, me qindra miliarda. T\u00eb investosh p\u00ebr zhvillim, ta kultivosh \u201cgjenialitetin\u201d dhe potencializmin shkencor, t\u2019i motivosh shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt e rinj, natyrisht se \u00ebsht\u00eb aq e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme.
\nNuk mjaftojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm ambicjet, por nevojiten dhe mjetet, duhet t\u2019jen\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetshme t\u00eb gjitha \u201csegmentet\u201d ekonomike-sociale, duhet t\u2019i krijosh dhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb. Mbase \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7 si \u00e7\u00ebshtje e mbar\u00ebvajtjes ciklike e ingranazhit ekonomi-shkenc\u00eb-teknologji.<\/p>\n

***
\n“Nature\u2019s Index” qe prezantuar n\u00eb v. 2014, q\u00eb nga at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb statistikat e Indeksit Kina \u00ebsht\u00eb shquar sa i p\u00ebrket rritjes shkencore, sa i p\u00ebrket kontributit me artikujt e shkenc\u00ebs. N\u00eb v. 2022, Kina e kap\u00ebrceu ep\u00ebrsin\u00eb e ShBA me numrin e artikull-prurjeve shkencore n\u00eb fushat e shkencave natyrore.<\/p>\n

( ngjitur: infografikat, bazuar n\u00eb Nature Index 2025 )<\/em>
\n 
\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(senad guraziu \u2013 ars poetica, q 2025 – pak fjal\u00eb, dhe 2 infografika) K\u00ebt\u00eb vit kinez\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebt e bot\u00ebs, institucionet k\u00ebrkimore shkencore t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs t\u00eb pandalshme. Ep\u00ebrsia shkencore e Kin\u00ebs ndaj ShBA siduket \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00ebfishuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se… Lexo →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[80,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17923","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zhvillimi-tekno-shkencor","category-multimedia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17923","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17923"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17923\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17923"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17923"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17923"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}