{"id":2491,"date":"2019-10-01T19:25:50","date_gmt":"2019-10-01T19:25:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.letrat.eu\/?p=2491"},"modified":"2024-09-30T09:04:56","modified_gmt":"2024-09-30T08:04:56","slug":"j-w-beyer-fontana-e-neptunit-schonbrunn-vjene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=2491","title":{"rendered":"J W Beyer – Fontana e Neptunit (Sch\u00f6nbrunn, Vjen\u00eb)"},"content":{"rendered":"

J. W. Beyer (1725-1796) – Fontana e Neptunit (Kopshti i Pallatit Sch\u00f6nbrunn, Vjen\u00eb)<\/strong>
\nS. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, P 2019<\/em><\/p>\n

Thuhet se ngasja e Neptunit n\u00ebp\u00ebr det (si simbol i vjet\u00ebr q\u00eb nga koha e “mitologjikave”, si simbol i kontrollit mbi elementin ujor) \u00ebsht\u00eb motiv q\u00eb gjendet gjithandej n\u00eb artin e shekujve XVI-XVIII. Skenat “neptuneske”, qoft\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr pikturat a n\u00eb skulpturat p\u00ebrdoreshin si simbolik\u00eb p\u00ebr fuqin\u00eb e perandor\u00ebve, mbret\u00ebrve apo n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi p\u00ebr monark\u00ebt q\u00eb e kan\u00eb fuqin\u00eb sunduese dhe fatin e popujve n\u00eb duar, q\u00eb me vendimmarrjet e tyre politike i caktojn\u00eb rrjedhat e “historis\u00eb”, ose shkurt… e kontrollojn\u00eb fatin e kombeve t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n

Pasi kuptohet, aq e leht\u00eb s’ishte as p\u00ebr mbret\u00ebrit a perandor\u00ebt. T\u00eb vendos\u00ebsh p\u00ebr fatin e popullit gjithmon\u00eb ishte dhe ngelet p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia m\u00eb “ultime”. Shpesh nj\u00eb vendim i pamatur, a nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje e gabuar politike-diplomatike, dhe konsekuencat do t’i mbante populli n\u00eb kurriz… ndoshta me shekuj tutje. Tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb se historia njer\u00ebzore shpesh kishte dhe mjaft “pap\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi”. S’e mohon kush se kishte dhe monark\u00eb t\u00eb dehur nga “ego-istikat e nga arrogancat” aq sa ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb totalisht sundues t\u00eb pap\u00ebrgjegjsh\u00ebm. Jo nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb mbret\u00ebrit dhe jo gjithmon\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr gj\u00ebrat jetike t\u00eb popujve me aq “men\u00e7uri”, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb kishte dhe gjykime e “vendime” katastrofale. Sidoqoft\u00eb k\u00ebsaj dhe mund t’i rikthehemi pak\u00ebz m\u00eb von\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kur themi “Neptuni” dmth. nga korniza jon\u00eb kohore njeriu i referohet mitologjis\u00eb romake, mir\u00ebpo asgj\u00eb s’ndryshon me faktin q\u00eb fjala \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn figur\u00eb hyjnore greke (p\u00ebr ekuivalentin e mitologjis\u00eb “pararend\u00ebse” greke, Poseidonin). Ashtu-k\u00ebshtu kur flitet p\u00ebr cilindokend t\u00eb mitologjikave fjala gjithmon\u00eb do jet\u00eb vet\u00ebm “simbolikisht”, si referenc\u00eb simbolike, supozoj kjo dhe vet\u00ebkuptohet. Nj\u00ebsoj, bie fjala si\u00e7 u referohemi dhe simbolizmave e metaforizmave t\u00eb artit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rastin e “Fontan\u00ebs s\u00eb Neptunit” n\u00eb Sch\u00f6nbrunn, pothuaj secili detaj \u00ebsht\u00eb “simbolik” dhe kompleksi sikur ka aq shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhura, i gjith\u00eb kompleksi skulptural \u00ebsht\u00eb i st\u00ebrngjeshur me alegorit\u00eb artistike (dmth. duke u bazuar n\u00eb “dometh\u00ebniet” mitologjike). \u00cbsht\u00eb di\u00e7 si “thuktim” mitologjik… jo me kronikat e metamorfozat, jo me “homeriadat”, me gjuh\u00ebn e librave e t\u00eb germave, por me gjuh\u00ebn e mermerit, me gjuh\u00ebn e mjeshtris\u00eb e t\u00eb artit, me gjuh\u00ebn e figurave skulpturale. Andaj mendoj se ia vlen t\u00eb flitet p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrlidhjen sadopak m\u00eb gjer\u00ebsisht.<\/p>\n

Planifikimi i Kopshtit n\u00eb Sch\u00f6nbrunn ishte rezultat i bashk\u00ebpunimit mes Johann Wilhelm Beyer (skulptor gjerman) dhe arkitektit t\u00eb oborrit mbret\u00ebror, Johann Ferdinand Hetzendorf von Hohenberg. Nga aspekti skulptural, Fontana e Neptunit konsiderohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb monumenti kuror\u00ebzues i Sch\u00f6nbrunn, ose m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb thuhet, qe projektuar t\u00eb jet\u00eb monumenti kuror\u00ebzues i Parterr\u00ebs s\u00eb Madhe. Qe porositur nga Perandoresha Maria Theresa, pun\u00ebt pat\u00ebn filluar n\u00eb v. 1776 dhe qen\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar brenda kat\u00ebr viteve (pak para vdekjes s\u00eb perandoresh\u00ebs). Grupi skulptural qe ekzekutuar pra nga studioja e J. W. Beyer.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ta kuptuar simbolik\u00ebn e “detit”, pastaj Poseidonat a Neptunat, t\u00eb dashur\u00ebn e tij, n\u00ebn\u00ebn e Akilit, nimf\u00ebn Thetisa dhe (si\u00e7 e p\u00ebrthekonte mitologjia) lidhjen me “tok\u00ebn” (ku dhe ndodhen realisht mbret\u00ebrit\u00eb, pasi e qart\u00eb, pallatet perandorake e as mbret\u00ebrit\u00eb e njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb vdeksh\u00ebm nuk “nd\u00ebrtohen n\u00eb det” – tjet\u00ebr jan\u00eb Tritonat e Atlantidat, k\u00ebto jan\u00eb kapitull mitologjik n\u00eb vete…) mbase duhet folur sadopak dhe p\u00ebr vet\u00eb mitet e legjendat e lashta, qofshin greke a romake.<\/p>\n

***
\nSidoqoft\u00eb, m\u00ebnyra e “racionalizimit” tim me mitologjikat i ngjan\u00eb pakashum\u00eb racionalizimit t\u00eb Palapatusit t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb s\u00eb para Er\u00ebs Son\u00eb. N\u00ebse t’isha n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Greqis\u00eb s\u00eb at\u00ebhershme padyshim do ta p\u00ebsoja r\u00ebnd\u00eb. Do m\u00eb kishin d\u00ebnuar, syrgjynosur e d\u00ebbuar deri diku larg… n\u00eb akullnajat e Siberis\u00eb. E them pa shaka, do ta p\u00ebsoja m\u00eb keq sesa vet\u00eb Anaksagora i ngrat\u00eb, at\u00eb e pat\u00ebn ekzilosur pa m\u00ebshir\u00eb. Paradoksolog\u00ebt e koh\u00ebve moderne e din\u00eb shum\u00eb mir\u00eb, do ta kisha p\u00ebsuar q\u00eb \u00e7’ke me t\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Por jo vet\u00ebm un\u00eb si racionalizues i pakompromis, do ta p\u00ebsonte dikur dhe vet\u00eb Palapatusi i Greqis\u00eb. Mir\u00ebpo si duket emri i tij ishte nj\u00eb pseudonim, shkollar\u00ebt thon\u00eb se ishte em\u00ebr tep\u00ebr i rrall\u00eb dhe i \u00e7uditsh\u00ebm, padyshim do ket\u00eb qen\u00eb ndonj\u00eb pseudo-em\u00ebr i p\u00ebrdorur men\u00e7urisht nga dikush. Problemi at\u00ebher\u00eb e edhe sot \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb askush s’e dinte kush na ishte Palapatusi… andaj dhe pati shp\u00ebtuar sa u p\u00ebrket racionalizimeve t\u00eb veta. Paradoksolog\u00ebt e din\u00eb sakt\u00eb se \u00e7’jam duke th\u00ebn\u00eb, pasi paradoksografia \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zhan\u00ebr i let\u00ebrsis\u00eb klasike q\u00eb merret me studimin e shfaqjeve t\u00eb fenomeneve t\u00eb pashpjegueshme t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs ose t\u00eb bot\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore. Mitologjia dmth. \u00ebsht\u00eb fusha m\u00eb ideale p\u00ebr l\u00ebrimin e paradoksografis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Fatmir\u00ebsisht, fati deshi t’jet\u00eb n\u00eb an\u00ebn ton\u00eb, fat sepse jemi n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e liris\u00eb. Mund t’i shprehim idet\u00eb e skepticizmat lirisht, n\u00eb koh\u00ebn “ton\u00eb” s’na gjen\u00eb gj\u00eb. As q\u00eb i lexon kush madje, s’i b\u00ebhet kujt von\u00eb \u00e7’shkruaj un\u00eb. Andaj s’kam pse m\u00ebrzitem, thjesht pata d\u00ebshir\u00eb ta cek\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00ebse ta kisha “shkapuritur” mitologjin\u00eb k\u00ebshtu dikur n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Platonit a t\u00eb Aristotelit, ndoshta as ata vet\u00eb, sado t\u00eb men\u00e7ur, t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj e me influenc\u00eb s’do t’m\u00eb shp\u00ebtonin : )<\/p>\n

Per\u00ebndia i detit, Poseidoni i p\u00ebrkiste panteonit t\u00eb “per\u00ebndive olimpike” (p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb “fontan\u00ebs… tematike”, meq\u00eb po flasim p\u00ebr Fontan\u00ebn e Neptunit, tani b\u00ebn ta z\u00ebvend\u00ebsojm\u00eb Poseidonin me Neptunin). Mir\u00ebpo ai nuk “jetonte” n\u00eb Olimp, s’i kishte pallatet e veta n\u00eb malin e per\u00ebndive. Aty ishte ujdisur, si t\u00eb thuash nj\u00eb lloj “parlamenti hyjnor”, qeveriste Zeusi (Jupiteri) si kryezot, si zot suprem. Ai kollitej p\u00ebr gjith\u00e7ka t\u00eb universit. Postin e kryzotll\u00ebkut (di\u00e7 si Prime-Minist\u00ebr) Zeusi e pati fituar me bast, thjesht i pati ecur fati. Siduket dhe zotave t\u00eb mitologjis\u00eb u duhej nganj\u00ebher\u00eb fati.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht, Neptuni i kishte t\u00eb gjitha privilegjet e Olimpit. N\u00ebse pallatet olimpike t’ken\u00eb patur dyer… t\u00eb gjitha dyert\u00eb rrinin hapur p\u00ebr t\u00eb, mund t\u00eb endej kah t\u00eb donte, s’kishte odaja sekrete p\u00ebr zotat. Mund t’ishte si fqinj i v\u00ebllait, Zeusit, ta kishte vil\u00ebn aty ngjitas. Por jo, pati zgjedhur ta kishte pallatin e vet t\u00eb art\u00eb diku n\u00eb fund t\u00eb detit a t\u00eb oqeanit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rregull, zgjedhja e tij, ashtu i p\u00eblqente… S’donte t’ishte fqinj i Zeusit, mir\u00ebpo t\u00eb dashurat e nimfat aty-k\u00ebtu i q\u00ebllonte t’i ndante me t\u00eb. Di\u00e7 e till\u00eb, si dashnore e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt neptuniane-zeusiane pati ndodhur t’na ishte askush tjet\u00ebr por vet\u00eb Thetisa, n\u00ebna e kryetrimit t\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Troj\u00ebs, n\u00ebna e vet\u00eb Akil zem\u00ebrluanit, vras\u00ebsit t\u00eb Princ Hektorit.<\/p>\n

Ja pse Thetisa ka z\u00ebn\u00eb “vend” n\u00eb fontan\u00ebn e Sch\u00f6nbrunn, sepse ishte e dashura e Neptunit, dhe n\u00ebna e Akilit (anise jo nga ai – as Neptuni as Zeusi s’ishin “babai” i Akilit, sepse dhe vet\u00eb ata si zota kishin “frik\u00eb”, kishin paragjykime. Q\u00eb t\u00eb dy pat\u00ebn d\u00ebgjuar q\u00eb nj\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb i bukuroshes Thetisa do ia “kalonte babait p\u00ebr nga fuqia”… dhe hooop, v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit-zota na u zmbramps\u00ebn, i mor\u00ebn masat. As Zeusi as Poesidoni s’u martuan me t\u00eb, e distancuan dhe ia “k\u00ebnduan” ca magjira e dredhira q\u00eb t\u00eb martohej me babain e Akilit, me babain e vdeksh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr krye-arkitektin e oborrit mbret\u00ebror (ose p\u00ebr mbikqyr\u00ebsin e pun\u00ebve rreth fontan\u00ebs) si dhe p\u00ebr skulptorin gjerman Beyer sot mund ta shtronim pyetjen: “vall\u00eb pse duhej nimfa Thetisa, n\u00ebna e Akilit t\u00eb figuronte aty p\u00ebrkrah Neptunit, e jo gruaja legjitime e tij”?
\nPasi mjaft e \u00e7uditshme p\u00ebrzgjedhja e subjekteve nga skulptori Bayer. Neptuni qe martuar me nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr nimf\u00eb, me dikend si e “bukura e detit” q\u00eb quhej Amfitrita. Ajo ishte gruaja legjitime dhe me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn i kishte madje kat\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb, tri vajza dhe vet\u00eb Tritoni ishte djali i tyre. Neptuni ia pati b\u00ebr\u00eb me “hile” n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb Akilit… pse pa duhej Thetisa n\u00eb Sch\u00f6nbrunn, \u00e7’k\u00ebrkonte n\u00ebna e Akilit aty!?<\/p>\n

| – – – v i j o n – – –<\/p>\n

Pallati ose K\u00ebshtjella Sch\u00f6nbrunn (ndodhet n\u00eb per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs, n\u00eb lagjen Hietzing) konsiderohet si nj\u00eb nga “pikat” m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb trash\u00ebgimis\u00eb kulturore dhe t\u00eb krenaris\u00eb austriake, q\u00eb nga vitet 1960 ishte atraksion dhe ende \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr vendet m\u00eb t\u00eb vizituara t\u00eb kryeqytetit.<\/p>\n

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Fotot: Alexander E. Koller
\nInfot & Referencat:
\n– Sch\u00f6nbrunn, Wien (faqja zyrtare)
\n– Erwin Frohmann, Rupert Doblhammer
\n– Sch\u00f6nbrunn. Eine vertiefende Begegnung mit dem Schlossgarten, 2005
\n– Jacob Stern – “Heraclitus the Paradoxographer: ‘On Unbelievable Tales’, 2003<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

J. W. Beyer (1725-1796) – Fontana e Neptunit (Kopshti i Pallatit Sch\u00f6nbrunn, Vjen\u00eb) S. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, P 2019 Thuhet se ngasja e Neptunit n\u00ebp\u00ebr det (si simbol i vjet\u00ebr q\u00eb nga koha e “mitologjikave”, si simbol i kontrollit… Lexo →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-classic","category-ese"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2491"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2491\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}