{"id":3018,"date":"2019-10-08T13:41:24","date_gmt":"2019-10-08T13:41:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.letrat.eu\/?p=3018"},"modified":"2025-09-19T03:42:40","modified_gmt":"2025-09-19T02:42:40","slug":"puthja-pikturale-si-celebrim-i-krijimit-te-italise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=3018","title":{"rendered":"Puthja Pikturale si “Celebrim” i Krijimit t\u00eb Italis\u00eb!"},"content":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, G 2019 – Arti dhe Historia – Nd\u00ebrlidhje dhe (Pa)Sakt\u00ebsi<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

(…piktura e Hayez mund t\u00eb “lexohet” dhe si p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsim simbolik i “aleanc\u00ebs” midis Italis\u00eb dhe Franc\u00ebs – thon\u00eb njoh\u00ebsit e artit. Un\u00eb vet\u00eb s’e kam iden\u00eb si lexohet aleanca italo-franceze nga piktura e Hayez, anise e di… disa njer\u00ebz me an\u00eb t\u00eb imagjinat\u00ebs shohin madje dhe UFO n\u00eb qiell. Gjithsesi, s’dua t’ua prish qejfin as njoh\u00ebsve t\u00eb artit as askujt<\/strong>… : )<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Italia s’qe bashkuar as \u00ebmb\u00ebl as leht\u00eb, sa p\u00ebr duke u “puthur” as q\u00eb b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb. N\u00eb fakt ishte nj\u00eb proces i gjat\u00eb, i r\u00ebnd\u00eb dhe tejet kompleks. Po ashtu bashkimi i Italis\u00eb, af\u00ebrmendsh ishte di\u00e7 “politike”, assesi ndonj\u00eb di\u00e7 “romantike”. Mir\u00ebpo bashkimi i Italis\u00eb simbolikisht sikur mund t\u00eb celebrohet me nj\u00eb puthje t\u00eb vetme pikturale. Tekefundit k\u00ebshtu pohojn\u00eb ekspert\u00ebt q\u00eb merren me analizat e Romanticizmit artistik italian. Bashkimi i Italis\u00eb (i njohur si “Risorgimento”) p\u00ebrfundimisht i konsolidoi shtetet e pavarura t\u00eb gadishullit italian n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet, si\u00e7 e njohim dhe sot e k\u00ebsaj dite.<\/p>\n

“Puthja<\/strong>” e Hayez (i pati b\u00ebr\u00eb nja 5 versione “puthjesh”) nga njoh\u00ebsit e artit konsiderohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00ebra nga pikturat ikonike t\u00eb “Romaticizmit” artistik italian. “Puthjes” s\u00eb tij i vishen madje dhe kuptime patriotike e politike. Ekspert\u00ebt rreth e rrotull “Christies”, New York, n\u00eb v. 2016 pat\u00ebn konkluduar: “Kryevepra e Francesco Hayez, Il Bacio, mund t\u00eb konsiderohet si epitom\u00eb apo mish\u00ebrim i artit Romantik Italian. Kompozicioni, i cili v\u00ebrtitet rreth nj\u00eb puthjeje mes dy t\u00eb dashuruarve n\u00eb nj\u00eb ambient mesjetar, \u00ebsht\u00eb konsideruar prej koh\u00ebsh si nj\u00eb nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimet m\u00eb intensive dhe sensuale t\u00eb puthjes n\u00eb historin\u00eb e artit per\u00ebndimor, \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshfaqje natyrore dhe moderne e \u00e7iftit t\u00eb p\u00ebrqafuar, p\u00ebrshfaqje q\u00eb kontribuon n\u00eb t\u00ebrheqjen ose n\u00eb joshjen jasht\u00ebkohore pikturale. Kjo vep\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb simbol i “Risorgimento-s” italiane dhe, fal\u00eb riprodhimeve t\u00eb shumta, \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet nj\u00eb ikon\u00eb e piktur\u00ebs s\u00eb shek. XIX dhe e artit italian n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti.”<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rregull, le ta qart\u00ebsojm\u00eb eventualisht dhe ndonj\u00eb detaj. Versioni i par\u00eb qe punuar nga Hayez n\u00eb v. 1823 (Ultimo Bacio di Giulietta e Romeo – ruhet n\u00eb Pinacoteca di Brera, n\u00eb Milano, por nj\u00eb kopje e k\u00ebsaj pikture ndodhet dhe n\u00eb Villa Carlotta, Como – sa p\u00ebr t’mos u ngat\u00ebrruar lexuesi eventual, duhet n\u00ebnkuptuar dmth. q\u00eb fjala gjithnj\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr 5 kopjet b\u00ebr\u00eb nga vet\u00eb Hayez, jo p\u00ebr “kopjet” e tjera t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre versioneve t\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n

E qart\u00eb, versioni i par\u00eb ishte frym\u00ebzim nga vepra e Shekspirit, nga drama shekspiriane q\u00eb flet p\u00ebr dashurin\u00eb e Romeos dhe Xhulietes. Si\u00e7 e dim\u00eb, t\u00eb dashuruarit pervec tjerash merren dhe me puthje, pra edhe piktura ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb tro\u00e7 me puthjen e t\u00eb dashuruarve, na e thot\u00eb dhe me titullin. Krahasuar m\u00eb versionin e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm “Il Bacio, 1859” (apo dhe me “Il Bacio, 1867”), kritik\u00ebt thon\u00eb se n\u00eb k\u00ebto t\u00eb fundit Hayez implikon alegorin\u00eb politike, e edhe at\u00eb sociale.<\/p>\n

S’na nevojitet sugjerimi i tyre tani p\u00ebr t’par\u00eb dhe vet\u00eb se puthja tashm\u00eb shk\u00ebmbehet mes t\u00eb dashuruarve “anonim\u00eb” n\u00eb nj\u00eb ambient mesjetar, s’\u00ebsht\u00eb tani fjala p\u00ebr Romeon “specifik” as p\u00ebr Xhuliet\u00ebn. Piktura mund t\u00eb “lexohet” si himn i liris\u00eb dhe i dashuris\u00eb atdhetare – thon\u00eb ata. Nj\u00ebri nga kuptimet politike q\u00eb mund t\u00eb “lexohet” \u00ebsht\u00eb se nj\u00eb ri italian \u00ebsht\u00eb duke u nisur t\u00eb luftoj\u00eb p\u00ebr Italin\u00eb kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Austro-Hungareze, dhe dmth. duke i falur t\u00eb puthur\u00ebn e ndarjes t\u00eb dashur\u00ebs s\u00eb vet.<\/p>\n

***
\nKuptohet, pak histori evropiane ndoshta ndihmon p\u00ebr ta kuptuar sadopak kontekstin e “patriotizmit” piktural t\u00eb piktorit italian, Hayez, patriotizmin p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin sugjerojn\u00eb njoh\u00ebsit e artit. Le t’ia fillojm\u00eb “historis\u00eb” duke th\u00ebn\u00eb se Shqip\u00ebria at\u00ebbot\u00eb (n\u00eb 2-3 dekadat e para t\u00eb shek. XIX) ende s’e kishte shpalluar Pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e vet, duhej pritur 1 shekull t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb, ishte thjesht nj\u00eb llokume ballkanike e Turqis\u00eb. N\u00ebn ninulat turke… e qet\u00eb, e rehatuar, njer\u00ebzia i shihnin pun\u00ebt e veta, iluminist\u00ebt e romanticizmit shqiptar\u00eb gjithandej diaspor\u00ebs k\u00ebndonin e th\u00ebrrisnin por gj\u00ebrat nuk binin n\u00eb vesh dhe aq shpejt\u00eb, jo gjithkush i blinte e lexonte gazetat. Gjithsesi, andej kah Per\u00ebndimi… Evropa assesi ta gjente rehatin\u00eb e vet, mjaft e trazuar, aspak m\u00eb ndryshe sesa “zakonisht”, pakashum\u00eb si gjithmon\u00eb – e ngat\u00ebrruar si mos m\u00eb keq – do thoshte ndoshta shakaxhiu Nonda Bulka.<\/p>\n

Pas humbjes s\u00eb Franc\u00ebs Napoleonike, n\u00eb v. 1814-15 n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb u mblodh Kongresi i Vjen\u00ebs p\u00ebr ta “ridefinuar” hart\u00ebn e Evrop\u00ebs. Historian\u00ebt e shkollar\u00ebt u shmangen th\u00ebnieve t\u00eb pahijshme (ata duhet ta p\u00ebrdorin “gjuh\u00ebn akademike”) mir\u00ebpo s’\u00ebsht\u00eb ndonj\u00eb “fsheht\u00ebsi” – kur \u00ebsht\u00eb fjala p\u00ebr politikat, aty-k\u00ebtu edhe Kongreset b\u00ebjn\u00eb “hile politike” : )<\/p>\n

T\u00eb fortit e Kongresit (ata q\u00eb “kolliteshin”) at\u00ebbot\u00eb s’kishin ndonj\u00eb interes p\u00ebr republikanizmin, p\u00ebr revolucionarizmin… e t\u00eb tillash “koncepte”. Sa i p\u00ebrket Italis\u00eb, kuptohet Kongresi s’ishte asfare i interesuar p\u00ebr republikanizmin q\u00eb ishte popullarizuar bukur fort gjithandej, n\u00ebn Napoleonin. Ashtu-k\u00ebshtu shumica e shteteve t\u00eb “pavarura” italiane ishin t\u00eb ndikuara nga fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha evropiane, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht nga Perandoria Austriake dhe Habsburg\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e shtypnin nacionalizmin e italian\u00ebve (ndjenjen, d\u00ebshir\u00ebn p\u00ebr bashkim).<\/p>\n

Objektiva “zyrtare” e Kongresit ishte t\u00eb sigurohej nj\u00eb plan afatgjat\u00eb p\u00ebr paqe n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, duke zgjidhur \u00e7\u00ebshtje kritike q\u00eb pat\u00ebn ardhur nga Luft\u00ebrat Revolucionare Franceze dhe nga ato Napoleonike. Jo thjesht rivendosja e kufijve t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, por nj\u00ebfar\u00eblloj rikufizimi, nj\u00eb lloj ridefinimi kufitar i fuqive kryesore, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb ato t\u00eb balancoheshin politiko-ekonomikisht me nj\u00ebra-tjetren dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqeshin n\u00eb paqe.<\/p>\n

Rishtas e qart\u00eb, t\u00eb fortit do ta ndanin “torten politike”. Franca psh. i humbi t\u00eb gjitha “pushtimet” e veta t\u00eb fundit, Rusia i “kullufiti” disa pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Polonis\u00eb, Prusia i “kullufiti” dhe disa shtete m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla gjermane, Austria e “kullufiti” Venedikun dhe pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb Italis\u00eb Veriore. Pra, bashkimi i Italis\u00eb thjesht nuk p\u00ebrputhej me “vullnetin” e Kongresit, zor ta ket\u00eb p\u00ebrmendur kush, as si p\u00ebshp\u00ebritje as me z\u00eb. E pamundur… pasi vet\u00eb Austria duke u marr\u00eb me pangop\u00ebsin\u00eb e vet rreth shteteve italo-veriore : )<\/p>\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, boshti i “lyer” i Kongresit t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs ishte humbja dhe dor\u00ebzimi i Franc\u00ebs Napoleonike. Dor\u00ebzimi francez u dha fund mbi 20 viteve luft\u00eb, pothuaj t\u00eb pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrskamcat e negociatat diplomatike t\u00eb Kongresit do t’vazhdonin megjith\u00eb luftimet shkaktuar me kthimin dramatik t\u00eb Napoleonit t\u00eb m\u00ebrguar. “Akti i fundit” i Kongresit qe n\u00ebnshkruar, dhe s’do vononte as 10 dit\u00eb do t’vinte humbja e fundit e Napoleonit n\u00eb Vaterlo.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb v. 1859, si aleanc\u00eb kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Austro-Hungareze, do kishte nj\u00eb traktat t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb midis Franc\u00ebs (Napoleonit III) dhe Kontit italian, Kavur. Dy vite m\u00eb von\u00eb, Viktor Emanueli II e shpalli Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Italis\u00eb. Mbreti Viktor do ta b\u00ebnte Kavurin Kryeminist\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Si\u00e7 e thon\u00eb historian\u00ebt, krijimi i Italis\u00eb s’ishte di\u00e7 e leht\u00eb, por dhe qeverisja do ishte mjaft e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. Aq e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb sa, pas muajve me dit\u00eb t\u00eb gjata e t\u00eb ngarkuara me stres lidhur me shtetformimin, me pagjum\u00ebsi e shqet\u00ebsime t\u00eb vazhdueshme, Kryeminist\u00ebr Kavuri do ta d\u00ebmtonte keq sh\u00ebndetin e vet. Pas vdekjes s\u00eb tij, tek n\u00eb v. 1870 me Marrjen e Rom\u00ebs do t’p\u00ebrfundonte bashkimi i Italis\u00eb. Roma ishte di\u00e7 si “p\u00ebrmbyllje” e procesit t\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00eb bashkimit italian t\u00eb njohur si “Risorgimento”. Dmth. do vinte humbja p\u00ebrfundimtare e shteteve Papale n\u00ebn Pap\u00ebn Pius IX, p\u00ebr t’u arritur bashkimi i gadishullit italian, n\u00ebn mbretin Viktor Emanuel II.<\/p>\n

***
\nTani le t’i rikthehemi kontekstit t\u00eb “patriotizmit” t\u00eb puthjes s\u00eb Hayez. Pas versionit fillestar “Ultimo Bacio di Giulietta e Romeo”, 1823, Hayez e pikturoi versionin e par\u00eb t\u00eb “Il Bacio” (Puthjes) n\u00eb v. 1859. Dy vite m\u00eb von\u00eb erdhi pra shpallja e Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb Italiane, n\u00eb v. 1861. Si pasqyr\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre ndryshimeve politike n\u00eb Itali pasoi nj\u00eb rritje e numrit t\u00eb pikturave q\u00eb v\u00ebrtiteshin rreth tem\u00ebs patriotike. N\u00eb mesin e tyre, “Il Bacio” n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti – thon\u00eb ekspert\u00ebt, e paraqiste nj\u00eb tem\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb patriotike, sipas tyre mashkulli puthara\u00e7 asokohe do duhej t\u00eb shihej si figur\u00eb e nj\u00eb ushtari italian q\u00eb vullnetarisht po e linte t\u00eb dashuren e vet dhe t\u00eb nisej t\u00eb luftonte p\u00ebr vendin e vet, kund\u00ebr Austro-Hungaris\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Piktura e Hayez mund t\u00eb “lexohet” dhe si p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsim simbolik i “aleanc\u00ebs midis Italis\u00eb dhe Franc\u00ebs” – thon\u00eb njoh\u00ebsit e artit. Un\u00eb vet\u00eb s’e kam iden\u00eb si lexohet aleanca italo-franceze nga piktura e Hayez, anise e di… disa njer\u00ebz me an\u00eb t\u00eb imagjinat\u00ebs shohin madje dhe UFO n\u00eb qiell. Gjithsesi, s’dua t’ua prish qejfin as njoh\u00ebsve t\u00eb artit as askujt, le t’supozojm\u00eb se Franca dhe Italia jan\u00eb ng\u00ebrthyer n\u00eb puthjen e zjarrt\u00eb. P\u00eblhura e bardh\u00eb n\u00eb shkall\u00ebt, mbase sapo t\u00eb ket\u00eb rr\u00ebshqitur nga supet e zonj\u00ebs, e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson momentin e pasionit. Bluja e \u00e7elur e fustanit, ca ngjyra t\u00eb veshjeve t\u00eb saj, e gjelb\u00ebrta e mantelit t\u00eb t\u00eb dashurit, e kuqja e brekusheve… na i sjellin nd\u00ebrmend ngjyrat e flamujve t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs dhe Italis\u00eb, bashkuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrqafim – dmth. pohojn\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt, jo un\u00eb. Skepticizmi im s’dor\u00ebzohet dhe aq leht\u00eb : )<\/p>\n

– – –<\/p>\n

Ngjitur: Pikturat e Francesco Hayez (1791-1882)
\n1. Puthja, Romeo e Xhulieta (Ultimo Bacio di Giulietta e Romeo), 1823
\n3. Puthja (Il Bacio), 1859
\n3. Puthja (Il Bacio), 1867
\n[ Pinacoteca di Brera, Milano, Itali ]
\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, G 2019 – Arti dhe Historia – Nd\u00ebrlidhje dhe (Pa)Sakt\u00ebsi (…piktura e Hayez mund t\u00eb “lexohet” dhe si p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsim simbolik i “aleanc\u00ebs” midis Italis\u00eb dhe Franc\u00ebs – thon\u00eb njoh\u00ebsit e artit. Un\u00eb vet\u00eb s’e kam… Lexo →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3018","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-classic","category-ese"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3018","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3018"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3018\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3018"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3018"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3018"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}