{"id":962,"date":"2019-09-24T13:26:17","date_gmt":"2019-09-24T13:26:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.letrat.eu\/?p=962"},"modified":"2024-08-30T10:32:01","modified_gmt":"2024-08-30T09:32:01","slug":"gjilpera-e-kleopatres-dhurate-metropoleve-te-perendimit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/?p=962","title":{"rendered":"“Gjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb” – Dhurat\u00eb Metropoleve t\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit!"},"content":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, M 2018<\/em><\/p>\n

(dhuratat e Muhamed Ali Pashes, Parisit, Londr\u00ebs, Nju Jorkut… dhe “shp\u00ebtimi” i piramidave, fal\u00eb francez\u00ebve – kishte nj\u00eb lloj “gare” mes metropoleve per\u00ebndimore, Nju Jorku ua kishte gjithmon\u00eb “zili” Parisit e Londr\u00ebs p\u00ebr ekstravaganc\u00ebn, p\u00ebr madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e prestigjin kulturor<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

\u201cGjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb em\u00ebr i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt p\u00ebr tre obelisk\u00eb monolitik t\u00eb lasht\u00eb q\u00eb sot ndodhen n\u00eb Paris, Lond\u00ebr dhe Nju Jork, dhuruar k\u00ebtyre qyteteve nga Egjipti n\u00eb shek. XIX.
\nKonstruktuar rreth v. 1450 p.e.s. nga faraoni Tutmoses III, hieroglifet n\u00eb shtyllat gjigante qen\u00eb gdhendur rreth 2 shekuj m\u00eb von\u00eb nga faraoni Ramses II, si p\u00ebrkujtimore lavdis\u00eb dhe fitoreve t\u00eb veta ushtarake. P\u00ebrkund\u00ebr sugjerimit t\u00eb emrit \u201cGjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb\u201d, monumentet e dhuruara s\u2019kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb asgj\u00eb me mbret\u00ebresh\u00ebn Kleopatra, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Kleopatras\u00eb VII qen\u00eb zhvendosur nga Heliopolis n\u00eb Aleksandri, p\u00ebr nder t\u00eb Mark Antonit, t\u00eb dashurit dhe m\u00eb pas burrit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n

***
\nUshtaraku i lart\u00eb osman me prejardhje shqiptare i quajtur Muhamed Ali, n\u00eb v.1805 u caktua m\u00ebk\u00ebmb\u00ebs i Sulltanit, u b\u00eb Pasha dhe sundues i Egjiptit, e drejtoi vendin deri n\u00eb vdekjen e tij m\u00eb 1849, por dhe ishte themelues i dinastis\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb sundonte deri n\u00eb Revolucionin e v. 1952. Muhamed Ali Pasha njihet si hedh\u00ebsi i bazave t\u00eb \u201cshtet\u00ebsis\u00eb moderne\u201d t\u00eb Egjiptit. Sundimtari njihej p\u00ebr rrept\u00ebsin\u00eb, thuhet se ishte mjaft energjik, njihet po ashtu tendenca e tij p\u00ebr modernizimin e Egjiptit. Gjat\u00eb 44 viteve n\u00eb pushtet shum\u00eb nga d\u00ebshirat e tij rreth modernizimit u \u201czbatuan\u201d n\u00eb praktik\u00eb ose u shnd\u00ebrruan n\u00eb projekte t\u00eb m\u00ebdha publike, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb bie fjala dhe Kanalin e Suezit.<\/p>\n

“Gjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb” n\u00eb Paris<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1829 Muhamed Ali Pasha ia dhuroi Frances dy obelisk\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr mbi 3300 vjet, q\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00eb hyrjen e tempullit \u201cLuksor\u201d. Nj\u00ebri nga ta pati mb\u00ebrritur n\u00eb Paris n\u00eb v. 1833, tjetri nuk ishte e th\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019b\u00ebhej i Franc\u00ebs, ngeli n\u00eb Aleksandri p\u00ebr afro dy shekuj, deri n\u00eb vitin 1990, kur Franca pati hequr dor\u00eb q\u00eb ta sillte n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi dhurat\u00ebn e vjet\u00ebr. Sot ndodhet si obelisk i \u201cvetmuar\u201d aty ku dhe ishte, n\u00eb hyrje t\u00eb tempullit \u201cLuksor\u201d.<\/p>\n

Obelisku i sjellur qe montuar n\u00eb \u201cPlace de la Concorde\u201d t\u00eb Parisit, vendi ku, bie fjala gjat\u00eb Revolucionit Francez qe \u201cujdisur\u201d gijotina dhe ku, mes aq shum\u00eb kokash t\u00eb rrokullisura, qe ekzekutuar dhe themeluesi i Kimis\u00eb moderne, Antoine Lavoisier.
\n\u201cGjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb\u201d n\u00eb Paris \u00ebsht\u00eb afro 23 m, peshon 227 ton\u00eb. Q\u00eb nga transporti e deri tek montimi n\u00eb vendet e caktuara nuk ishte aq e leht\u00eb p\u00ebr inxhinier\u00ebt e shek. XIX. N\u00eb pranin\u00eb e rreth 200.000 njer\u00ebzve, inxhinieri Apollinaire Lebas e montoi obeliskun n\u00eb vitin 1836. Por s\u2019ishte pun\u00eb e kryer as e p\u00ebrkryer, u desh\u00ebn dhe 3 vite m\u00eb pastaj q\u00eb t\u00eb rregullohej plot\u00ebsisht n\u00eb \u201cvertikalen\u201d e duhur. Maja apo \u201ckapela\u201d e obeliskut t\u00eb Parisit qe vjedhur dikur, q\u00eb n\u00eb shek. VI pes., n\u00eb v. 1998 qeveria franceze vendosi p\u00ebr rregullimin e nj\u00eb maje t\u00eb re n\u00eb form\u00eb piramidale, 3.5 m e lart\u00eb dhe e cila u vesh me nj\u00eb aliazh metalik prej bronzi e floriri.<\/p>\n

“Gjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb” n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpara se t\u2019ia \u201cfalte\u201d dy obelisk\u00ebt Franc\u00ebs, historian\u00ebt thon\u00eb se Muahamed Ali Pasha ia pati \u201cfalur\u201d nj\u00eb obelisk dhe Anglis\u00eb. Dhurata p\u00ebr anglez\u00ebt qe premtuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb para dhuratave t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs. Qeveria angleze at\u00ebkoh\u00eb s\u2019paska gjetur mjete financiare p\u00ebr transportin, apo s\u2019ka patur vullnet t\u00eb shpenzoj\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim. Dhuruar n\u00eb vitin 1819, e megjithat\u00eb paska ngelur n\u00eb Aleksandri p\u00ebr gjysm\u00eb shekulli, deri n\u00eb v. 1877, kur m\u00eb n\u00eb fund qenkan gjetur fonde.<\/p>\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, gjat\u00eb rrug\u00ebs, duke u ballafaquar me sht\u00ebrngaten, pontoni lundrues me monumentin paska p\u00ebsuar aksident. Pak koh\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb qenka sjellur n\u00eb nj\u00eb port spanjoll p\u00ebr riparime, dhe obelisku m\u00eb n\u00eb fund paska arritur n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, n\u00eb v. 1878.
\nDerisa obelisku i Parisit \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cbinjaku\u201d monumental nga hyrja e tempullit Luksor, obelisku i Londr\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cbinjaku\u201d i atij t\u00eb Nju Jorkut. P\u00ebr dallim nga ai i Parisit, obelisku n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb i \u201cshoq\u00ebruar\u201d dhe nga dy sfinkse, kopje prej bronzi shtuar nga anglez\u00ebt \u2013 sipas \u201ctradit\u00ebs\u201d faraonike sfinkset mbase duhet t’jen\u00eb rojet e obeliskut.<\/p>\n

“Gjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb” n\u00eb Nju Jork<\/strong><\/p>\n

Me hapjen e Kanalit t\u00eb Suezit n\u00eb v. 1869, Kedivi* i Egjiptit Ismail Pasha e paska \u201cp\u00ebrmendur\u201d dhurimin e nj\u00eb obelisku Amerik\u00ebs, duke shpresuar p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin ose rritjen e tregtis\u00eb me amerikan\u00ebt.
\nPo at\u00eb vit ShBA-t\u00eb paskan p\u00ebrhapur fjal\u00eb se nj\u00eb obelisk u qenka dhuruar dhe atyre (pasi kishte nj\u00eb lloj \u201cgare\u201d mes metropoleve per\u00ebndimore, Nju Jorku ua kishte gjithmon\u00eb \u201czili\u201d Parisit e Londr\u00ebs p\u00ebr ekstravaganc\u00ebn, p\u00ebr madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e prestigjin kulturor). Mir\u00ebpo n\u00eb vitin 1877 paska dal\u00eb n\u00eb \u201cshesh\u201d nj\u00eb lloj falsiteti i thashethemeve, meq\u00eb sipas egjiptasve s\u2019paska qen\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, ata e paskan mohuar \u201cpohimin\u201d e amerikan\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Gjithsesi amerikan\u00ebt e paskan bindur disi pal\u00ebn egjiptase, m\u00eb n\u00eb fund d\u00ebshira e tyre qenka plot\u00ebsuar. Dhjet\u00eb vite m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb v. 1879 dhurata e nj\u00eb obelisku amerikan\u00ebve qenka konfirmuar dhe me let\u00ebr zyrtare. N\u00eb v. 1880 obelisku \u201cbinjak\u201d i atij t\u00eb Londr\u00ebs paska mb\u00ebrritur dhe qenka motuar n\u00eb Nju Jork. Monoliti i lart\u00eb afro 21 metra, me pesh\u00eb prej 220 ton\u00eb, gdhendur a konstruktuar n\u00eb Heliopolis t\u00eb Egjiptit rreth v. 1450 pes, sot \u00ebsht\u00eb objekti m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr punuar nga dora e njeriut n\u00eb Nju Jork.<\/p>\n

Gjithsesi obelisku \u201camerikan\u201d paska p\u00ebsuar d\u00ebmtime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha gjat\u00eb mij\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve t\u00eb trazimeve e t\u00eb zhvendosjeve. Qenka rr\u00ebzuar e d\u00ebmtuar nga persian\u00ebt n\u00eb vitin 525 pes. Paska ngelur i zhytur n\u00eb uj\u00eb p\u00ebr rreth 500 vjet, derisa romak\u00ebt e paskan montuar rishtas n\u00eb Aleksandri n\u00eb vitin 12 pes. ku pati ndenjur pa \u201cl\u00ebvizur\u201d p\u00ebr afro 2000 vjet.<\/p>\n

“Gjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb” – p\u00ebrkthimi i hieroglifeve t\u00eb obeliskut n\u00eb Nju Jork – nga Elbert E. Farman, 1908
\n<\/strong>(hieroglifet n\u00eb monolitin e lart\u00eb afro 21 m, me pesh\u00eb prej 220 t., qen\u00eb gdhendur nga faraoni Ramses II, dy shekuj pas konstruktimit nga faraoni Tutmoses III, rreth v.\u00a0 1450 p.e.s. n\u00eb Heliopolis)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

“Shp\u00ebtimi” i piramidave, fal\u00eb francez\u00ebve<\/strong>!<\/p>\n

Historia thot\u00eb q\u00eb piramida e Keopsit dhe dy piramida tjera n\u00eb Giza p\u00ebr pak sa nuk qen\u00eb rr\u00ebnuar nga Muhamed Ali Pasha. K\u00ebto thesare t\u00eb lashta e testamente t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb hershme faraonike do t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzoheshin si pjes\u00eb e planit p\u00ebr t\u00eb modernizuar Egjiptin. Sot e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr ta konceptuar, por n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb sundimtari e kishte seriozisht. Ai thoshte se me gur\u00ebt e piramidave do t’i nd\u00ebrtonte disa diga p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur p\u00ebrmbytjet e Nilit, q\u00eb shkaktonin shum\u00eb fatkeq\u00ebsi.
\nPashai do t’kishte t\u00eb “drejt\u00eb” n\u00eb mendimin e tij (bazuar n\u00eb logjik\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb dobin\u00eb reale ekonomike), sikur ai t’kishte qen\u00eb Faraon para 3-4 mij\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb vet, dhe ta braktiste totalisht iden\u00eb e piramidave. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb kot\u00ebsis\u00eb e t\u00eb sakrificave t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e piramidave-varreza, thjesht do t’orientohej p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e digave! Tani sado “praktike” t’i dukej pashait ideja rreth gur\u00ebve t\u00eb piramidave si material nd\u00ebrtimor (p\u00ebr digat e dobishme, q\u00eb do ta ndihmonin ekonomin\u00eb, krahasuar me ca objekte aty “kot” si piramida), megjithat\u00eb ideja p\u00ebr shembjen e tyre s’pinte uj\u00eb…
\nPiramidat at\u00ebbot\u00eb paskan shp\u00ebtuar fal\u00eb vonesave t\u00eb q\u00ebllimshme nga inxhinier\u00ebt francez\u00eb, q\u00eb ishin n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb sundimtarit. Sipas tyre pashai ishte “shkurtpam\u00ebs” ose s’ia dilte ta konceptonte, q\u00eb prishja e piramidave do t’ishte humbje e madhe sa i p\u00ebrket trash\u00ebgimis\u00eb kulturore e historike bot\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

– – –<\/p>\n

* Kediv<\/em> (turq. osmane – Hidiv) – ishte titulli zyrtar i guvernatorit t\u00eb Egjiptit (nga 1867 deri 1914), p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb i qe ndar\u00eb Ismail Pashait n\u00eb v. 1867, pasardh\u00ebsit t\u00eb Muhammed Ali Pashait.<\/p>\n

Fotot:
\n– Statuj\u00eb e Mbret\u00ebresh\u00ebs Kleopatra VII (Dinastia Ptolemaike)
\n– “Gjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb” n\u00eb Paris, n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, n\u00eb Nju Jork
\n– Tempulli Luksor – Obelisku i vetmuar, “v\u00ebllai” n\u00eb Paris
\n– “Gjilp\u00ebra e Kleopatras\u00eb” n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, arritja m\u00eb 1878
\n– Reliev, tempulli Dendara – Kleopatra dhe djali i saj Cesarioni (“Cesari i Vog\u00ebl” – nofk\u00eb, i biri i Jul Cesarit)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S. Guraziu – Ars Poetica, M 2018 (dhuratat e Muhamed Ali Pashes, Parisit, Londr\u00ebs, Nju Jorkut… dhe “shp\u00ebtimi” i piramidave, fal\u00eb francez\u00ebve – kishte nj\u00eb lloj “gare” mes metropoleve per\u00ebndimore, Nju Jorku ua kishte gjithmon\u00eb “zili” Parisit e Londr\u00ebs p\u00ebr… Lexo →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-komente"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=962"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=962"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=962"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/letrat.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}